Presentation "theme of the day - elections". Elections Download presentation on elections

The theme of the day is elections Social studies teacher MBOU Uglovskaya secondary school Orlova Tamara Mikhailovna 2012

Elections Is a legally legalized procedure in which citizens determine who will represent their interests in certain authorities.

Elections:

* build faith ordinary people that they have the ability to control the government and its decisions

* helping people show support or disappointment with the existing government

* this is effective method political education of the people

* this is a barometer of public opinion

Documents forming the basis of electoral law and electoral process

Constitution Russian Federation

Federal Law "On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights of Citizens of the Russian Federation"

Federal law "On elections of the President of the Russian Federation"

Federal Law "On the Election of Deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation"

Federal Law "On the Referendum of the Russian Federation"

Citizens of the Russian Federation

have the right to elect and be elected

to public authorities

and local governments,

and also participate in a referendum.

Constitution of the Russian Federation, article 32

The electoral rights of citizens are the constitutional right to elect and be elected to government bodies and to elected bodies of local self-government.

Suffrage

Active right

the right to choose and

recall deputies, participate

in plebiscites, referenda

Passive right

the right of a citizen to be elected to the representative bodies of the state

Exists different types elections:

• the next - are held after the expiration of the term of office of the elected body established by the law;

2. early elections - held in connection with the termination of the previously announced term of office of the electoral authorities or elected officials;

3. election of deputies by rotation. They can be carried out in relation to a part of the deputies of the representative body of state power in the manner and within the terms established by law;

4. by-elections (by-elections) - appointed in case of vacancies during the term of office of the collegial body;

5. Repeated elections - held when the elections held were declared invalid or invalid by a court or election commission decision.

Electoral systems:

Majority(Belarus, USA, UK, France

Proportional(Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands, Czech Republic)

The system of representation of parties and movements, based on the fact that each party receives in the representative body of power the number of mandates in proportion to the number of votes cast for its candidates in the elections

The absolute majority

A candidate is considered elected if he has received an absolute majority of votes, i.e. 50% + 1 vote.

The relative majority

The winner is the candidate with a simple majority of votes.

Mixed- based on the principles of majority and proportional systems. (France, Italy, Russia (from 1993 to 2006), Poland)

Features of the majority system:

• There is a close connection between deputies and voters, because the constituencies are single-mandate and each deputy represents his own region;
• A party (or electoral bloc) that lost in the elections in a single-mandate constituency, that is, received, for example, 49% of the votes (an insignificant minority), may not be represented at all in parliament.
• Often, deputies are elected who are convenient for the authorities of a given region, or the representatives of power structures themselves;
• Elections can cause social tension in an unstable society
• Features of the proportional system:
• In a representative body, social, ethnic, confessional and other groups can be widely represented (it is enough to create your own party)
• Deputies elected by party lists are responsible not only to the people, but also to their political party

Main stages of the electoral process

1. Announcement of the date of the elections

She is appointed by the President of the Russian Federation, as a rule, on a Sunday.

2. Compilation of voter lists

(The voter lists include all citizens of the Russian Federation who have active suffrage on election day. The voter list is submitted for general review, no later than 30 days before election day.)

Formation of electoral districts and electoral commissions

What are they, election commissions?

Central Election Commission

Election Commissions of the Subjects of the Federation

District Election Commissions

Territorial (district, city and other) election commissions

Precinct election commissions

The right to nominate candidates has:

Electoral associations and directly electoral blocs voters

Types of associations: party, front, union, etc. Most often, parties participate in the elections. An electoral bloc is a voluntary association of two or more public associations. He has the rights of electoral association

The State Duma

Federal Assembly

Russian Federation

The State Duma

Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation consists of 450 deputies and

elected for a term of five years.

State Council of the Russian Federation

consists of 100 deputies and is elected for a term

five years.

As a full citizen you can:

Take part in a referendum, in elections from the age of 18 and choose:

• The President of the Russian Federation;
• Deputies of the State Duma;
• Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;
• Deputies of the State Council of the Russian Federation;
• Deputies of the representative body of local self-government of the city or district in which you live.

THE VOTER HAS THE RIGHT ...

in a referendum,

participate in the pre-election

agitation,

if the citizen is 18 years old.

... Keep your choice secret, no matter who is interested in it.

... Young voters can work in the campaign headquarters of candidates, voter clubs, and take part in the volunteer movement.

THE VOTER IS WRONG ...

... Take actions that violate the secrecy of the vote.

... When filling out the ballot, use a pencil.

... Conduct election campaigning on election day.

... Accept gifts from someone if their purpose is to draw your attention to a particular candidate or party.

General data on the election results are placed in the funds mass media, in the Internet

Thanks to the latest information

technologies the data of protocols of precinct

Election Commissions (PECs) are located

on the Internet in on-line mode as they are introduced into the state automated

system "Elections".

Current parties:

• United Russia
• Fair Russia
• Patriots of Russia
• Just cause
• Apple

Leader: V.V. Putin

Foundation date:

Ideology:

Russian conservatism, social conservatism

Leader: S.M. Mironov

Foundation date:

Ideology: social democracy, socialism.

Leader: V.V. Zhirinovsky

Ideology: conservatism, patriotism, statism, pan-Slavism, anti-globalism

Leader: G.A. Zyuganov

Foundation date:

Ideology: Marxism-Leninism, socialism, patriotism.

Leader: Semigin G.Yu.

Foundation date:

Ideology: patriotism, socialism.

Leader: Dunaev A.G.

Ideology: liberalism, neoliberalism, liberal-consirvatism, liberal-nationalism.

"APPLE"

Yavlinsky G.A.

Foundation date:

Ideology: social liberalism, social democracy.

Fourth extra

What color is not on the Russian flag?

• Red
• Blue
• Yellow
• White

Who is not the President of Russia?

• D. A. Medvedev
• V.V. Putin
• B.N. Yeltsin
• M. S. Gorbachev

The latest date for the State Duma elections?

• November 16, 2012
• 08 August 2011
• December 4, 2011

• January 4, 2012
• February 4, 2012
• 4 April 2012
• March 4, 2012

since this:

1. The most important human right and duty in a democratic society.

2. The ability to shape government policy.

3. Ability to avoid adverse consequences for the state as a whole.

Basic terms and concepts

Elections are a form of direct expression of the will of citizens, carried out in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Federal laws, constitutions (charters), laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, charters of municipalities

Voter - a citizen of the Russian Federation with active suffrage

Election campaign - activities for the preparation and conduct of elections

Election Commission - a collegial body formed in the manner and terms established by law, organizing and ensuring the preparation and conduct of elections

An electoral association is a political party that, in accordance with federal law, has the right to participate in elections

Active suffrage - the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to elect to state and local government bodies

Passive suffrage - the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to be elected to state and local government bodies

Electoral district - a territory that is formed (determined) in accordance with the law and from which directly the citizens of the Russian Federation elect a deputy (s), an elected official

Candidate - a person nominated in the manner prescribed by the Federal Law as a candidate for a position to be replaced by elections

A referendum is a form of direct expression of the will of citizens of the Russian Federation on the most important issues of state and local importance

This presentation can be used:

* when conducting lessons in history and social studies.

* when carrying out extracurricular activities.

* For agitation of the young generation participating in the elections for the first time.

Materials used:

1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation, M., "Prospect" - 2009;

2. Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights of Citizens of the Russian Federation”;

3.http: //izbiratel.ru/

4.http: //www.cikrf.ru/

5.http: //www.ikso.org/

6.http: //www.adm-serov.ru/ http: /

7. /images.yandex.ru/yandsearch?ed

8.http: //www.vseslova.ru

Slide 4

Elections in the State of Athens

V Ancient Greece used open voting and secret ballot by lot. The "bulletin" was a bob: white bob meant "for", black meant "against." In Athens, there was another type of secret ballot “court of shards”: according to it, the community had the right to expel any public figure from the city limits if his popularity threatened the foundations of democracy. The voting procedure looked like this: a participant received a shard and wrote on it the name of a person whom he considered necessary to expel from Athens, and then placed the shard in a special fenced-in place on the square. The one whose name was repeated more times was declared exiled. In ancient Rome, the election campaign began long before election day. The candidate announced to the authorities about his desire to run. After that, the pre-election struggle began. It happened as follows: a candidate put on a snow-white toga (candidate), which meant his clear conscience, and went to squares and bazaars, asking for support from voters. On election day, each voter received a small plaque - a ballot paper - and wrote the name of the candidate on it and lowered it into the ballot box.

BASIC CONCEPTS

CITIZEN

RIGHT

VOTER

VOTER'S RIGHTS

A LITTLE HISTORY ...

Constituent Assembly,

1917 g.

Veche (in Novgorod - since 1136)

Noble assemblies

• Voting rights were granted not only to the nobility, but also to the common people.

"Certificate of Merit to the Nobility", signed by Catherine II in 1785.

The right to vote among the male bourgeois (townspeople).

Citizens convicted by a court or having an "obvious defect" were deprived of their voting rights

• The lowest age limit in the world is 20;
• Rights were granted to Russian citizens without distinction of gender;
• Military personnel were vested with electoral rights;
• Abolished the residency and literacy qualifications;
• Cancellation of restrictions on nationality and religion.

CITIZEN - a person endowed with rights and responsibilities

RIGHT – these are the conditions for study, work, life, which the state gives a person.

Constitution of the Russian Federation -

The basic Law

our country

Human and Citizen Rights and Responsibilities (Section I, Chapter 2)

FOR A LIFETIME

The right to freedom of speech

The right to live

The right to study

Right to use

cultural achievements

Right to

movement

FROM 18 YEARS:

The right to elect and be elected

Free expression of the will of citizens at elections

ELECTIONS - a democratic procedure by which performers are determined for some key positions in various social structures

VOTER - someone who participates in elections or has the right to do so

VOTER'S RIGHTS - free expression of the will of citizens in elections

• Constitution of the Russian Federation,
• Constitutions of the republics within the Russian Federation;
• Federal Law of September 19, 1997 "On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right to Participate in a Referendum of Citizens of the Russian Federation";
• The laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation governing the organization and procedure for elections to various government bodies and local government bodies;
• Decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, acts of heads of administrations and other heads of executive bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the organization and conduct of elections.
• Resolutions of the State Duma and the Central Election Commission.

• universal, equal and direct suffrage
• publicity, openness
• voluntary exercise of the right to vote on the basis of personal and secret ballot

Conclusions:

1. The most important human right and duty in a democratic society.

2. The ability to shape government policy.

3. Ability to avoid adverse consequences for the state as a whole.

For citizens

this is an opportunity

to carry out

his

constitutional

right

shape

representative

organs

authorities

• Going to the polls, be able to think!
• Be incorruptible! Remember! Free cheese only comes in a mousetrap.
• Look for the worthy: think about what this person can really do for you personally and for others!
• Have your opinion, which means your choice!
• Live your mind!

We are all responsible for ourselves!

Slide 2

"A person who has a healthy sense of justice is a free subject of rights" I.A. Ilyin

Slide 3

Elections are the central institution of a democratic rule of law