4.2 Stages of concluding a leasing transaction As in any complex financial ...
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Presentation for literature lessons in grade 7. The Life and Works of William Shakespeare.
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Who is born under a happy star - Proud of glory, title and power. And I have been more modestly rewarded by fate, And for me love is a source of happiness. Under the sun, the confidant of the prince, the protege of the nobleman, spread the leaves magnificently. But the sun's benevolent gaze goes out, And the golden sunflower goes out too. A military leader, a darling of victories, In the last battle he is defeated, And all his merits have been lost. His destiny is disgrace and oblivion. But there is no threat to my Lifetime titles: I loved, I love, I love.
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William Shakespeare was born in the town of Stratford-upon-Avon (Warwickshire) in 1564, according to legend, on April 23. The surname "Shakespeare" can be translated from English as "a terrific spear."
"Not without a right"
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It is believed that Shakespeare studied at the Stratford "grammar school" (English "grammar school"), where he received a serious education: the Stratford teacher of Latin and literature wrote poetry in Latin. Some scholars claim that Shakespeare attended the King Edward VI School in Stratford-upon-Avon, where he studied the works of such poets as Ovid and Plautus, but the school journals have not survived, and now nothing can be said for sure.
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Plays commonly considered Shakespearean The Comedy of Errors (1623 - first edition, 1591 - probable year of first production) Titus Andronicus (1594 - first edition, authorship is debatable) Romeo and Juliet (1597 - first edition, 1595 - probable year writing) A Midsummer Night's Dream (1600 - first edition, 1595-1596 - period of writing) Merchant of Venice (1600 - first edition, 1596 - probable year of writing) King Richard III (1597 - first edition) Measure for Measure (1623 - first edition, December 26, 1604 - first setting) King John (1623 - first edition of the original text) Henry VI (1594 - first edition) Richard II (writing - no later than 1595 d.) Henry IV (1598 - first edition) Love's Labour's Lost (1598 - first edition) As You Like It (writing - 1599-1600, 1623 - first edition) Twelfth Night (writing - not later 1599, 1623 - first edition) Julius Caesar (writing - 1599, 1623 - first edition) Henry V (1600 - first and building) Much Ado About Nothing (1600 - first edition) The Merry Wives of Windsor (1602 - first edition) Hamlet, Prince of Denmark (1603 - first edition, 1623 - second edition) All's well that ends well ( writing - 1603-1604, 1623 - first edition) Othello (creation - no later than 1605, first edition - 1622) King Lear (December 26, 1606 - first production, 1608 - first edition ) Macbeth (creation - circa 1606, first edition - 1623) Antony and Cleopatra (creation - 1607, first edition - 1623) Coriolanus (1608 - year of composition) Pericles (1609 - first edition) Troilus and Cressida (1609 - first publication) The Tempest (November 1, 1609 - first production, 1623 - first edition) Cymbeline (writing - 1609, 1623 - first edition) The Winter's Tale (1623 - the only surviving edition) The Taming of the Shrew (1623 - first publication) Two Veronese (1623 - first publication) Henry VIII (1623 - first publication) Timon of Athens (1623 - first post)
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Sonnets by William Shakespeare
Sonnet - a poem of 14 lines Sonnet forms Italian scheme (Petrarch) - 4 + 4 + 3 + 3 The first quatrain is an exposition, a presentation of the topic. In the second quatrain, the development of the theme is given, sometimes according to the principle of opposition. In three lines, the solution of the topic, the result, the conclusion from the author's thoughts is given. The sonnet does not allow the repetition of words English form (Shakespearean) - 4 + 4 + 4 + 2 This system is simpler than Petrarch's Italian scheme. The last TWO lines are the so-called "SONNET LOCK".
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The basis of the internal form of the sonnet is comparison. For each theme, the poet found his own image or a whole chain of images. The more unexpected the likeness, the more it was valued. The comparison was often carried to the extreme degree of hyperbolism. But the poets were not afraid of exaggeration.
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The entire cycle of sonnets is divided into separate thematic groups: Sonnets dedicated to a friend: 1-126 Chanting of a friend: 1-26 Trials of friendship: 27-99 Bitterness of separation: 27-32 First disappointment in a friend: 33-42 Longing and fears: 43-55 Growing estrangement and melancholy: 56-75 Rivalry and jealousy of other poets: 76-96 "Winter" of separation: 97-99 Triumph of renewed friendship: 100-126 Sonnets dedicated to the swarthy beloved: 127-152 Conclusion - joy and beauty of love: 153 -154
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Translations of Sonnets In Russia, interest in Shakespeare's work and his "Sonnets" arose in the first half of the 19th century, but the first translations were aesthetically weak. The most famous are the translations made by M. Tchaikovsky (1914), S. Marshak (1948), A. Finkel, S. Stepanov, A. Kuznetsov. Translations of individual sonnets belong to the Silver Age poets V. Bryusov, N. Gumilyov, B. Pasternak.
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I do not compete with the creators of odes, Who present the sky to the painted goddesses As a gift With all the earth and the blue ocean. Let them, to decorate the stanzas, Repeat in verse, arguing among themselves, About the stars of the sky, about the wreaths of flowers, About the jewels of the earth and the sea. In love and in the word - the truth is my law, And I write that my dear is beautiful, Like everyone who is born by a mortal mother, And not like the sun or a clear month. I do not want to praise my love - I do not sell it to anyone!
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Works exhausted, I want to sleep, Blissful rest to find in bed. But as soon as I lie down, I set off again - In my dreams - to the same goal. My dreams and feelings for the hundredth time Go to you on the path of a pilgrim, And without closing my weary eyes, I see the darkness that even the blind can see. With an earnest gaze of the heart and mind In the darkness I am looking for you, deprived of sight. And the darkness seems magnificent, When you enter it as a light shadow. I can't find peace from love. Day and night, I'm always on the go. 27
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How can I overcome fatigue, When I am deprived of the goodness of peace? The anxiety of the day is not alleviated by the night, And the night, like the day, torments me with melancholy. And day and night - enemies among themselves - As if giving each other hands. I work during the day, rejected by fate, And at night I do not sleep, sad in separation. In order to win over the dawn, I compared the fine day with you And sent greetings to the swarthy night, Saying that the stars are like you. But my next day is becoming more difficult, And the shadow of the coming night is getting darker. 28
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In your chest I hear all the hearts that I thought were hidden in the graves. In the features of your beautiful face There is a reflection of faces that were once dear to the heart. I shed a lot of tears over them, Bowing down at the coffin stone, But, apparently, fate carried them away for a while, - And now we meet again. In you have found their last refuge Me close and memorable faces, And all of you with a bow give My love a wasted particle. All dear in you I find And all of you - all of them - belong
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When I read in a scroll of dead years About fiery lips, long silent, About the beauty that composes a couplet To the glory of ladies and beautiful knights, Traits preserved for centuries - Eyes, smile, hair and eyebrows - I am told that only in an ancient word Could you be fully reflected. In any line to his beautiful lady, the Poet dreamed of predicting you, But he could not convey all of you, Staring into the distance with loving eyes. And to us, to whom you are finally close, - Where can I get a voice to sound for centuries? 106
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Being scolded is not your vice. The beautiful is doomed to rumor. He cannot be blackened by the reproach - the Crow in the radiant blue. You are good, but in a chorus of slander You are more highly valued. The worm finds the most delicate flowers, And you are innocent, like spring itself. You escaped the ambush of your youthful days, Or the attacker was defeated himself, But with your purity and truth You will not close the mouth of slanderers. Without this light shadow on the forehead, you would alone reign on earth! 70
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Goodbye! I dare not stop you. I highly value your love. I can't afford what I own, And I humbly give the pledge. I use love as a gift. She was not bought with merit. And, therefore, a voluntary condition On a whim, you are free to break. You gave, not knowing the price of the treasure Or not knowing, maybe, me. And I have kept the unjustly taken reward until this day. I was king only in a dream. I was deprived of the throne by awakening. 87
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Well, I will live, accepting, as a condition, that you are faithful. Although you have become different, But the shadow of love seems to us love. Not with your heart - so be with me with your eyes. Your gaze does not speak of change. He harbors neither boredom nor enmity. There are faces on which crimes trace indelible traces. But, apparently, it is so pleasing to higher powers: Let your beautiful lips lie, But in this look, gentle and sweet, Purity still shines. Beautiful was the apple that Eve plucked from the tree to Adam. 93
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Yes, it's true: where I have not been, Before whom I have not made a fool of the public. How cheaply he sold wealth And insulted love with new love! Yes, it's true: I didn't look straight into the eyes of the truth, but somewhere past. But youth again found my cursory glance - Wandering, he recognized you as beloved. It's all over, and I won't again Search for that which exacerbates passions, Test love with a new love. You are a deity, and I am all in your power. Near heaven you find me a shelter On this pure, loving breast. 110
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Beautiful is a hundred times more beautiful, Crowned with precious truth. In delicate roses we appreciate the aroma, In their purple, living secretly. Let the flowers, where vice has built a nest, And the stem, and the thorns, and the same leaves, And the purple of the petals is just as deep, And the same corolla as that of a fresh rose, - They bloom, not pleasing the hearts, And wither, poisoning us breath. But fragrant roses have a different end: Their soul will be poured into fragrance. When the sparkle of your eyes goes out, All the charm of truth will overflow into verse. 54
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I call death. I can’t bear to see Dignity that begs for alms, Lies mocking simplicity, Insignificance in luxurious attire, And a false sentence to perfection, And virginity, rudely abused, And disgraceful honor, And power in captivity of toothless weakness, And directness, which is considered stupidity, And stupidity in the mask of a wise man, a prophet, And a clamped mouth of inspiration, And righteousness in the service of vice. Everything is disgusting that I see around ... But how to leave you, dear friend! 66
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I reproached the early violet: The evil one steals her sweet smell From your mouth, and steals away every petal Its velvet from you. The lilies have the whiteness of your hand, Your dark hair is in marjoram buds, The white rose has the color of your cheek, The red rose has your ruddy fire. At the third rose - white as snow, And red as the dawn - is your breath. But the impudent thief did not escape retribution: His worm eats him as a punishment. What flowers are not in the spring garden! And everyone steals your scent or color. 99
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Her eyes don't look like stars, Her lips can't be called corals, Her open skin is not snow-white, And a strand twists like a black wire. With a damask rose, scarlet or white, The shade of these cheeks cannot be compared. And the body smells the way the body smells, Not like a delicate violet petal. You will not find perfect lines in it, Special light on the forehead. I don't know how the goddesses walk, But my dear steps on the ground. And yet she will hardly yield to those Whom in the comparisons of magnificent slandered. 130
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Love is blind and deprives us of eyes. I don't see what I see clearly. I saw beauty, but each time I could not understand what was bad, what was beautiful. And if the glances of the heart were brought And the anchor was thrown into such waters, Where many ships pass, - Why don't you give him freedom? How could a passing yard to my heart Seem like a happy estate? But everything that I saw, my gaze denied, Tinting the false face with truth. The truthful light was replaced by darkness, And the lie seized me like a plague. 137
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Do not force me to justify Your injustice and deceit. It's better to conquer strength by strength, But do not inflict wounds on me with cunning. Love another, but in the moments of meetings You do not take your eyelashes away from me. Why cheat? Your gaze is a smashing sword, And there is no armor on a loving chest. You yourself know the power of your eyes, And, perhaps, averting your eyes, You are preparing to kill others, Sparing Me out of mercy. Oh, have no mercy! Let your direct look Kill me - I will be glad of death. 139
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I do not intend to interfere with the connection of two hearts. Can the betrayal of love immeasurable put an end to it? Love knows no loss and decay. Love is a beacon raised above the storm, Not fading in darkness and fog. Love is the star by which the sailor Determines the place in the ocean. Love is not a pitiful doll in the hands of Time, which erases roses On fiery lips and cheeks, And threats are not afraid of time. And if I'm wrong and my verse lies, - Then there is no love and there are no my verses! 116
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In conscience, tell me: who do you love? You know, many people love you. But you are ruining youth so carelessly, What is clear to everyone is that you live without loving. Your fierce enemy, not knowing regret, You secretly destroy day after day, Magnificent, waiting for renewal, The house that has been inherited by you. Change - and I will forgive the offense, In the soul of love, not enmity warm. Be as gentle as you are beautiful in appearance, And become more generous and kind to yourself. Let beauty live not only now, But repeat itself in your beloved son. ten
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Neither my own fear, nor the prophetic gaze of the Worlds that sleepily dream of the future, Do not know how long Love has been given to me, whose death seemed a foregone conclusion. The mortal moon Survived its eclipse in spite of the false prophets. Hope is again on the throne, And a long peace promises the blossoming of the olives. Separation death does not threaten us. Let me die, but I will rise in verse. Blind death threatens only the tribes, Not yet enlightened, wordless. In my poems, you too will survive the Crowns of tyrants and the coats of arms of nobles. 107
William Shakespeare "Hamlet"
Stavropol
Derevyanko Galina Alexandrovna
Biography of W. Shakespeare
William Shakespeare - English poet, playwright, actor of the royal troupe of the Globe Theater. Shakespeare is the greatest humanist of the Late Renaissance, who created works with bright characters that have become classics of world literature.
Financial success of William Shakespeare
In 1599, the Globe Theater was opened on the banks of the Thames, a tenth share of which belonged to Shakespeare. Being a shareholder in a successful enterprise turned out to be more profitable than writing plays, for each of which the author was entitled to only 6 pounds. In 1603, Elizabeth I died, and King James I ascended the throne. The theater troupe he loved was immediately renamed the "King's Servants" and was often called with performances to the court. By this time, Shakespeare had become rich and began to buy real estate in his hometown. At the same time, he wrote his greatest, soul-shattering tragedies - Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth and Antony and Cleopatra.
Shakespeare - actor and playwright
The next time Shakespeare's name is mentioned is in 1592: he is successful, works in London, where his plays about Henry VI are staged, and his colleague Robert Greene enviously calls him a screamer and upstart in a sharp pamphlet. The reason for the ridicule is that Shakespeare did not receive a university education, and many snobs, following Green, over the centuries believed that Shakespeare was just a gifted "child of nature" - or that he did not exist at all, and that someone outstanding was hiding under this name. , for example, the famous philosopher and writer Francis Bacon, who allegedly dabbled in writing plays in his spare time!
Many of his early works, and especially "Love for Love" and "A Midsummer Night's Dream", breathe youth and freshness, and their style and rhymes are surprisingly melodious. Other plays of those years - for example, "The Merchant of Venice" - seem to anticipate the gloomy comedies of a later period of creativity. (After all, a comedy doesn't have to be funny - it just has to have a happy ending, not a sad one.)
Around the same time, Shakespeare was finishing work on two plays about the era of Henry IV, in which his funniest character, the liar and fat Falstaff, appears. The misadventures of this colorful figure so amused Elizabeth that she demanded another play about Falstaff, and Shakespeare very soon presented his "Merry Wives of Windsor" to the queen.
In his tragedies, Shakespeare achieved an unprecedented brightness of poetic language and unsurpassed freedom of handling blank verse. These qualities are even more clearly manifested in his latest creations, from which tragic moods have almost disappeared: both The Winter's Tale and The Tempest end on a note of reconciliation, logically completing the work of the great playwright.
In 1593-94. because of the epidemic, London theaters closed, and Shakespeare turned to lyric poetry. When the epidemic ended, Shakespeare joined another theatrical troupe, the Lord Chamberlain's Servants, for several years. He played with them and wrote plays for them, mainly historical chronicles and comedies, although the outstanding tragedy "Romeo and Juliet" also falls on this period.
Shakespeare retired around 1610. In peace and prosperity, he spent the remaining years of his life in his native Stratford, although at first, for two or three years, he constantly kept in touch with his theater in the capital. On April 23, 1616 (perhaps on his 52nd birthday) he died, showing little interest in the fate of his plays. Fortunately, they were all collected and published by two Shakespearean theater actors, Geminge and Condell. The collection opened with a poem by Ben Jonson, who said that Shakespeare is "not a poet of the ages, but for all ages!"
The tragic story of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
Hamlet one of the most famous plays Shakespeare, and one of the most famous plays in the world dramaturgy. Written in 1600 - 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play, with 4,042 lines and 29,551 words. The tragedy is based on the legend of Hamlet, recorded by the Danish chronicler Saxo the Grammarian and dedicated primarily to sweep- it's the main character Hamlet, like the other two, seeks revenge on his father's death. According to researchers, the plot of the play was borrowed by Shakespeare from the play Thomas Kid .
The most probable date for compositions and first production is 1600-01 (Globe Theatre, London). Shakespeare played the shadow of Hamlet's father.
Of all Shakespeare's tragedies, Hamlet is the most difficult to interpret because of the extreme complexity of its concept. With Hamlet (1600-1601), Shakespeare finally moves on to the tragic genre. Instead of giving a dramatic form to a historical period, he turned it into one of the greatest tragedies of world drama.
The play was a huge success, which is clear from the instant quotes and even parodies that appeared. She created a fashion for the "tragedy of vengeance" that lasted until the closure of theaters in 1642.
Hamlet must fight the untruth of the whole world, speaking in defense of all the oppressed. But such a task, according to Hamlet, is unbearable even for the most “powerful person”, and therefore Hamlet retreats before it, going into his thoughts, plunging into the depths of his despair. However, showing the inevitability of such a position of Hamlet, the deep reasons for his despair, Shakespeare does not justifies the inactivity of the hero, considers it a painful phenomenon.This is precisely the spiritual tragedy of Hamlet.Shakespeare very clearly expressed his attitude to the experiences of Hamlet by the fact that his hero himself laments his state of mind and reproaches himself for inaction.
- "He was a man for all time."
- Ben Johnson
- English playwright, poet, Renaissance actor. In world history, he is undoubtedly the most famous and significant playwright who had a huge impact on the development of all theatrical art. The stage works of Shakespeare still do not leave the theater stage all over the world today.
- Renaissance, or Renaissance(French Renaissance, Italian Rinascimento) - an era in the history of European culture, which replaced the culture of the Middle Ages and preceded the culture of modern times.
- Chronological framework of the era: XIV-XVI centuries.
- William Shakespeare was born April 23, 1564 year in the English town of Stratford-on-Ayven.
- The surname "Shakespeare" can be translated from English as "a terrific spear."
- William Shakespeare's father, John, was a craftsman, merchant (traded in wool), and in 1568 became mayor of Stratford.
- William's mother, Mary of Ardenne, was the daughter of a farmer from Wilmcote.
- From some sources it is known that William Shakespeare studied at a grammar school.
- The architecture of the house is typical of that time. On the ground floor there is a living room with a fireplace, a large hall with an open hearth and further along the corridor - the owner's workshop. On the second floor of the house there are three bedrooms. A small cottage and a room in which the kitchen is now located were added to the house later.
- In 1582, William Shakespeare marries Anne Hathaway.
- In the mid-1580s, Shakespeare and his family moved to London.
- Shakespeare made money by guarding horses at the theater. This position was followed by behind-the-scenes work in the theater.
- Only a few years later, William Shakespeare got his first small role.
- Before working in the theater, Shakespeare also had to master the profession of a school teacher.
- "GLOBUS" is a public theater in London.
- It was active from 1599 to 1644.
- At the entrance it was written: "The whole world is a theater, and the people in it are actors."
- The name was borrowed from Greek mythology and refers to Hercules, who held the globe on his shoulders.
- Under King James I, the theater received the status of "Royal".
- The success of the theater largely depended on its repertoire, which was created by Shakespeare, who had been fond of literary activity for several years. Shakespeare's early experiments were a reworking and "renovation" of existing plots, later he moved on to creating his own works. In the troupe, Shakespeare was more valued as a playwright than as an actor, although he remained on the stage until he was forty years old.
- In 1612, Shakespeare left the theater and returned to Stratford, where he lived until his death. The last plays Shakespeare wrote for his company date from 1612-1613. After that, the playwright fell silent. Researchers suggest that Shakespeare was ill for the last four years of his life.
- The great playwright died at the age of 52 and was buried under the altar of the Church of the Holy Trinity in his native city.
- "Oh good friend, in the name of God,
- You do not touch the dust under the stone,
- Sleep do not disturb my bones;
- Cursed be the one who touches them!”
- Could a person from an illiterate family be a genius?
- If Shakespeare is the author, where is the evidence: there is not a single manuscript of his plays.
- This is easy to explain: the Globe Theater burned down many times, during the fires the scenery, costumes, respectively, and manuscripts burned down.
- As for illiteracy, we can recall Russian self-taught writers: Maxim Gorky, Sergei Yesenin.
- Shakespeare's legacy is
- 154 sonnets,
- several small poems, poetic cycles,
- 37 plays (comedies, tragedies).
- Comedy ((Greek) - the song of a cheerful crowd) is a type of drama in which the action and characters are interpreted in the forms of the funny or imbued with the comic (Molière, Beaumarchais, Griboyedov, Gogol).
- A sonnet is a 14-line poem with a special rhyme.
- Tragedy ((Greek) - the song of a goat) is a type of drama, which is based on a particularly intense, irreconcilable conflict, ending in the death of the hero.
- Shakespeare sharply condemns the feudal foundations, the arbitrariness of parents, who became an obstacle to the happiness of their children and led them to death.
- The main thing for Shakespeare is the person himself, and not his origin and condition.
- Shakespeare had a gigantic vocabulary - from 20 to 25 thousand words, while a modern Englishman with a higher education uses no more than 4 thousand words.
- Shakespeare introduced to English language about 3200 new words - more than his literary contemporaries put together.
- Not a single manuscript of Shakespeare has survived. Only six signatures on official documents made by his hand have survived.
- According to Ben Jonson, Shakespeare "knew a little Latin and even less Greek", although his plays show that he was fluent in foreign languages - French, Italian, Greek and Latin.
- The whole family of Shakespeare - father, mother, wife, children - were not literate. At the moment there is no evidence that Shakespeare himself was literate.
- Shakespeare's direct lineage ended in 1670 with the death of his granddaughter Elizabeth.
- Ballet "Romeo and Juliet"
- Film
- "King Lear"
- Movie "Hamlet"
- In our hearts you have erected yourself
- The imperishable and blinding temple…
- J. Milton
William Shakespeare: life and work
"He was a man for all time."
Ben Johnson
William Shakespeare
English playwright, poet, Renaissance actor. In world history, he is undoubtedly the most famous and significant playwright who had a huge impact on the development of all theatrical art. The stage works of Shakespeare still do not leave the theater stage all over the world today.
RENAISSANCE
Renaissance, or Renaissance(French Renaissance, Italian Rinascimento) - an era in the history of European culture, which replaced the culture of the Middle Ages and preceded the culture of modern times.
Timeline of the era: XIV-XVI centuries.
William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
William Shakespeare was born April 23, 1564 year in the English town of Stratford-on-Ayven.
The surname "Shakespeare" can be translated from English as "a terrific spear."
William Shakespeare's father, John, was a craftsman, merchant (traded in wool), and in 1568 became mayor of Stratford.
William's mother, Mary of Ardenne, was the daughter of a farmer from Wilmcote.
From some sources it is known that William Shakespeare studied at a grammar school.
Shakespeare's house
The architecture of the house is typical of that time. On the ground floor there is a living room with a fireplace, a large hall with an open hearth and further along the corridor - the owner's workshop. On the second floor of the house there are three bedrooms. A small cottage and a room in which the kitchen is now located were added to the house later.
In 1582, William Shakespeare marries Anne Hathaway.
In the mid-1580s, Shakespeare and his family moved to London.
Shakespeare made money by guarding horses at the theater. This position was followed by behind-the-scenes work in the theater.
Only a few years later, William Shakespeare got his first small role.
Before working in the theater, Shakespeare also had to master the profession of a school teacher.
The Globe Theatre, where Shakespeare worked
"GLOBUS" is a public theater in London.
It was active from 1599 to 1644.
At the entrance was written: "The whole world is a theater, and the people in it are actors."
The name was borrowed from Greek mythology and refers to Hercules, who held the globe on his shoulders.
Under King James I, the theater received the status of "Royal" .
In 1612, Shakespeare left the theater and returned to Stratford, where he lived until his death. The last plays Shakespeare wrote for his company date from 1612-1613. After that, the playwright fell silent. Researchers suggest that Shakespeare was ill for the last four years of his life.
The great playwright died at the age of 52 and was buried under the altar of the Church of the Holy Trinity in his native city.
"Oh good friend, in the name of God,
You do not touch the dust under the stone,
Sleep do not disturb my bones;
Cursed be the one who touches them!”
"Shakespeare Question"
- Could a person from an illiterate family be a genius?
- If Shakespeare is the author, where is the evidence: there is not a single manuscript of his plays.
- This is easy to explain: the Globe Theater burned down many times, during the fires the scenery, costumes, respectively, and manuscripts burned down.
- As for illiteracy, we can recall Russian self-taught writers: Maxim Gorky, Sergei Yesenin.
Creativity of Shakespeare
Shakespeare's legacy is
154 sonnets,
several small poems, poetic cycles,
37 plays (comedies, tragedies).
Literary theory
- Comedy((Greek) - the song of a cheerful crowd) - a type of drama in which the action and characters are interpreted in the forms of the funny or imbued with the comic (Molière, Beaumarchais, Griboedov, Gogol).
- Sonnet- a poem of 14 lines with a special rhyme.
- Tragedy((Greek) - the goat's song) - a type of drama, which is based on a particularly intense, irreconcilable conflict, ending in the death of the hero.
Tragedy "Romeo and Juliet"
Shakespeare sharply condemns the feudal foundations, the arbitrariness of parents, who became an obstacle to the happiness of their children and led them to death.
The main thing for Shakespeare is the person himself, and not his origin and condition.
- Shakespeare had a gigantic vocabulary - from 20 to 25 thousand words, while a modern Englishman with a higher education uses no more than 4 thousand words.
- Shakespeare introduced about 3200 new words into the English language - more than his literary contemporaries put together.
- Not a single manuscript of Shakespeare has survived. Only six signatures on official documents made by his hand have survived.
- According to Ben Jonson, Shakespeare "knew a little Latin and even less Greek", although his plays show that he was fluent in foreign languages - French, Italian, Greek and Latin.
- The whole family of Shakespeare - father, mother, wife, children - were not literate. At the moment there is no evidence that Shakespeare himself was literate.
- Shakespeare's direct lineage ended in 1670 with the death of his granddaughter Elizabeth.
Shakespeare in theater and cinema
Ballet "Romeo and Juliet"
Shakespeare in theater and cinema
Film
"King Lear"
Shakespeare in theater and cinema
Movie "Hamlet"
Monuments to Shakespeare
In our hearts you have erected yourself
The imperishable and blinding temple…
