That a terrible quarrel broke out among the Supreme Polemarch in the Achaean army...
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Punk rock of the 60s is commonly called "garage rock". It appeared in the USA in 1964, where a huge number of local ensembles emerged under the influence of the Beatles and Rolling Stones. What they played varied markedly depending on the region and local musical traditions, but generally it was a mixture of blues, white folk tunes with elements of homegrown skiffle music. The significance of this event is difficult to overestimate - for the first time since the late 50s, American youth had “their own” music. A couple of years later, this powerful all-American movement entered the history of rock music under the aforementioned name of “garage rock.” Where did such a strange name come from? Everything can be explained very simply: amateur groups rehearsed mainly in garages - they simply had nowhere else to go. "Garage" punks sang for their own pleasure, did not make mercantile plans and were known only among their relatives, friends and neighbors. Their creative searches responded to the requests not of a mass audience, but of a local audience (school, college, district).
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in the second half of the 60s the groups MC5, Velvet Underground and Iggy emerged and the Stooges. These ensembles eventually became generally recognized as the forerunners of punk rock of the 70s. MC5 (Motor City Five - "Five from the city of motors", that is, Detroit, the center of the US automobile industry) had a loud, hard sound. The fierce antisocial attitude of the musicians was expressed in the lyrics and actions of the performers.
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Velvet Underground The Velvet Underground elevated ugliness to beauty and were an even more amazing ensemble for their time. During the heyday of hippie culture and slogans such as “non-resistance to evil through violence,” they raised in their works topics that were taboo: sexual perversion, growing drug use, social alienation, cruelty of society, complete hopelessness and disappointment in the future among young people. These problems were strenuously avoided by everyone; the hippies simply offered to escape from them into the world of their own illusions. And in the music and lyrics of the Velvet Underground, the destructive effect of modern civilization was clearly heard, and the alarm sounded, as they say.
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The Stooges The Stooges represented the third element of punk rock - the visual. The leader of the ensemble, Iggy Pop, was furious and rampant on stage: he could calmly take off his pants during a concert, or scratch his chest until it bled, or spit into the audience, taking more saliva into his mouth. The first performance of Iggy Pop & the Stooges in 1967 in Err Arbor (Michigan) is described by American critics in this way: “Iggy wriggled his whole body, emitting inarticulate screams, smeared bloody pieces of meat on his bare torso, pretended to cut his skin with a piece glass, then jumped into the auditorium with a running start. The whole action was performed to the accompaniment of primitive and very loud rock music.”
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The torch, lit by the “garage men” and carried through the 60s into the 70s by Iggy Pop, was picked up in 1973-1974 by well-educated young people from New York. They gather in the evenings in two clubs - "CBGB" and "Max's Kansas City". The idols of these youth are new groups: Talking Heads, New York Dolls, Ramones, who now seem to be the first punk musicians of the second, real wave of punk rock .
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Ideology Punk became a reaction of a “generation without a future” not only to difficult living conditions and the impossibility of full realization of spiritual forces, but at the same time of the consumer-philistine essence to the intensification of socio-political and information technology processes. Very quickly it turned into a protest - a form suitable for any clashes on any basis: ideological, social, musical. At first, the frightened powers that be declared the punks to be hooligans. But when hundreds of thousands are hooligans, it is called differently - riot. Moreover, this rebellion arose from the transformed conflict of “fathers and sons.”
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The world has lost its meaning. Life has lost its meaning. The future is gone. For example, the Sex Pistols sang about this: “God save the Queen! After all, this is a fascist regime. He made a fool out of you - a potential hydrogen bomb. God save the Queen! After all, she is not a living creature. And there is no future in the dreams of the British. There is no future, no - for you. We are the flowers in the trash. We are the poison of humanity. We are the future." The determining factor was a disregard for others and ourselves, an attitude of always doing only what you want right now. Morality turned out to be turned 180 degrees: everything that was considered immoral among normal people became an outward manifestation of “morality” on the street.
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"If you like white, I'll be black. If you like black, I'll be yellow. If you value everything reasonable, I'll be reckless. If you value reason, I'll be crazy. If you love peace and flowers, I'll bring knives and chains."
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A sort of spirit of contradiction arises behind these lines. To ridicule everything that is familiar and established, to destroy what has been created over the centuries, since it does not benefit everyone, but only those who are in diamonds - this is how the ideology of punks made its way - the ideology of resisting evil through violence... against oneself and others. But it is important to note here, and this will be discussed below, that the punk rebellion brought something new to youth rock protest compared to previous years and even the “first rock revolution.”
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The blow was struck not only and not so much at the familiar “targets” - religion and so-called bourgeois morality, which usually resulted in the propaganda of sex and free love, but also at the basic foundations of society in general - the establishment, militarism, royal family etc. This, for example, sounds like the Clash. Here are the words from the song “White Rebellion”: “Those who can buy it have all the power. We walk the streets like chickens... And everyone does what they are told. I want people with white skin to rebel "White rebellion is my rebellion."
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In 1977, punk bands in Great Britain numbered thousands. A new so-called “independent” rock industry system was quickly created. Small private recording companies - "independent labels" - appeared, and samizdat magazines - fanzines - began to appear with information about punk rock. But all this, even thoughts about possible competition, did not worry the “big” world. He was afraid of the punk revolution itself and was afraid only of its political outcome. It was important to bring it to zero. The task was to extinguish the social, or rather antisocial, charge in punk and let off steam.
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Directions of punk HARDCORE Tougher American punk rock, generated primarily by the efforts of the Black Flag group. Main features: short songs, deliberate two-chords, unlimited speeds, complete disregard for major record labels. The first hardcore album was "Group Sex" by Circle Jerks (1980). In the mid-80s, hardcore bands began to often move into the metal camp, and vice versa - many metalheads began to delve deeper into the hardcore jungle. This is where the popular, but still erroneous, opinion came from that hardcore is metallic punk. It should be noted that metallic punk is called crossover (after the album "Crossover" by the D.R.I. gang in 1987). Even later, the label “hardcore” began to be applied to metal-rap bands of the class Biohazard, Pro-Pain, Dog Eat Dog, etc., but their frantic screams and waving of tattooed muscles have nothing to do with real hardcore.
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“Hippie subculture” - Consider the opinions of teenagers about subcultures; The music is inherently aggressive. Hobby. 5. They wear metal chains and dye their hair bright colors. Tasks: Rappers. Hippies are actually the very first informal youth subculture. Occult symbolism - pentagrams - inverted crosses, eight-pointed stars (symbols of chaos).
“Youth subcultures” - Teacher Dmitry Yurievich Suslin www.dmsuslin.narod.ru. There are many different youth subcultures. Skins. ... Signs and activities of youth. Youth is a large social group of people aged 16 to 25 years. Youth... The main sign of youth is the transition from child to adult. Youth and youth subcultures.
“Youth subculture” - The presentation was made by a student of the 10th grade of the Municipal Educational Institution-Secondary School of Prigorodny Maksimova Margarita. Factors of subcultural activity: Goths are representatives of the youth subculture that emerged in the late 70s of the 20th century in the wake of post-punk. Pentagram. Youth informal movements. Punks put skulls and signs on their clothes.
“Clothing of subcultures” - A fairly large group in the subculture of rappers. The main participants in this group are schoolchildren and students. Closely related to skinheads is the subculture of “FOOTBALL FANS”. Youth subcultures Luganskaya K., Cherbaeva N. Gymnasium No. 77. The main content of punk style is challenge, provocation, “shock effects”.
"Hippie" - Who is a hippie? Survey results. C hippie? I would like to know about hippies. The beginning of the hippie movement can be considered 1965 in the USA. What do I know about hippies? What do hippies choose? Are you familiar with the youth movement? Hippies have their own rules of behavior and their own philosophy. 10th grade students took part in the survey.
"Festival of Subcultures" - Drag Racing. Thermal balloons. We are presenting for review the project of the international FESTIVAL OF SUBCULTURES. Festival of subcultures. Rali-sprint. Motorsport. They smelled, the way they dressed, the way they lived, the way they valued. Games with fire As soon as the dark fire comes to life in your hands. Presentation of sports vehicles, promotion of technical sports.
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“I am absolutely convinced that Punk can be a force for social awakening and perhaps change, bringing concrete change to the lives of many young people.”
Felix Havok
In a nutshell
Punk, punks (English punk) is a youth subculture that emerged in the mid-70s in the UK, USA, Canada and Australia, the characteristic features of which are a love of punk rock music, a critical attitude towards society and politics. Punk itself consists of many smaller subcultures, such as street punk, horror punk, oh-punk, heavy punk and others. Punk maintains a close relationship with other subcultures such as gothic and psychobilities; supporters of this movement oppose commercialization, which is one of the main mechanisms of capitalism.
Etymology of the word "punk"
Initially it had negative connotations. According to the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, "punk" means:
Outdated street wench (1596);
Amer. rotten wood or wood mold used in dry form to light fires; tinder, rotten (1707).
In the English-Russian dictionary of Muller V.K. (M., 2000) the word "punk" is given the following Russian meanings:
A worthless person;
What? unnecessary, worthless, nonsense;
Amer. Punk, "scum", punks;
Amer. inexperienced youth, simpleton;
In the mid-20th century, the word "Punk" was an American slang term for certain youth social groups, such as hoboes and gay black prisoners.
As for music, this term was first applied to the so-called “garage rock” (1964-1967) - a youth musical movement in the USA. The word "Punk" meaning "rotten" was used as a metaphor for American bands who touched on taboo topics in their songs and behaved as obscenely as possible, singing about sexual perversion, increasing drug use, social alienation, cruelty of society, complete hopelessness and disappointment in the future among young people.
Prerequisites for the emergence of punk
In the mid-1970s, America did not have the conditions that provoked the counterculture of the 1960s (“new left,” hippies, beatniks, etc.). In Great Britain, the 1970s were the time of the greatest youth unemployment; this was the case only before the war. The global energy crisis, which has led to economic difficulties, has further worsened the already far from prosperous situation of young people in the UK. This contributed to the escalation of an atmosphere of social hopelessness and spiritual hopelessness, which, in turn, led to the spread of sentiments of despair and doom among young people, which could not find expression in the pacifist, non-aggressive hippie subculture. It was this moment, according to Ted Polymus, that became unifying for the punk subculture, despite its social heterogeneity: “The punks were not (as is commonly believed) entirely slum dwellers from the working class. There were a few, but most were middle-class kids and wealthy suburban teenagers. They were all united by their hatred of hippies,” “sluggish, lazy and boring.”
Another important prerequisite for the emergence of punk was the change in the status of rock, which by the mid-1970s had turned from the music of rebel children into “music for parents.” In other words, rock has largely lost its countercultural qualities and become a product of mass culture. Rock brought enormous profits to producers, performers, and music corporations. Success and wealth isolated rock bands from ordinary youth. Now these were inaccessible idols “entertainers” who came to concerts in luxurious limousines under police protection. The punks broke sharply with this tradition. Punk opposed commercial music in two ways: firstly, it boycotted the major record corporations, and secondly, it changed the very process of making music, proclaiming “anyone can do it!” “Professionalism was considered an external attribute of commercial rock...
History of punk
The first and only non-venal wave of “punk rock”
It started around 1973 in the States (New York, Chicago, Detroit, etc.). This “punk wave” was practically invisible, since bands of that time performed exclusively in garages, basements, and underground clubs. The authorities did not pay much attention to this, since they realized that they were not in danger. On the streets of cities one could often see teenagers, frightening passers-by with their appearance, drinking alcohol in full view of decent citizens, making noise and creating all sorts of “lawlessness.” But there were very few of them, unacceptably few, for them to be truly noticed.
The most notable groups of the “first wave of punk”: The Ramones, Television, Talking Heads, New York Dolls, Patti Smith Group.
Second wave of "punk rock"
Or rather, from the first performance of the legendary group Sex Pistols at St. Martin's College of the Arts (the group performed only 5 songs, after which a frightened college employee turned off the electricity). But these five songs were enough to get people talking about the “punk revolution”!
The public is in shock, music critics are in panic, yes... England has never seen anything like this!
Hundreds of new “punk groups” are appearing, numerous hordes of “punks” are roaming the streets, aggressively minded and spitting on the laws and old foundations of England.
At first, the authorities are trying to ban concerts of “punk bands” and put disorganized teenagers in prison, but in the end they realize that this is useless. Then they take another step, they allow concerts, they put “punk” on television, on the air!
This was the end for “punk”, it was bought, allowed, put on public display...
The antisocial attitude of “punk” passed, and “punks” began to be perceived almost in the same way as other movements. This was the end of the “punk revolution” in England.
The most notable bands of the “second wave of punk”: Sex Pistols, Clash, Subway Sect, Damned, Vibrators, Buzzcocks and many others.
Third wave (new wave) of "punk rock"
It’s hard to even call this phenomenon “punk rock”; this third wave included everything even remotely reminiscent of the good old “punk”.
This very “new wave” arose in 1978, it replaced the “English punk revolution” just at a time when talk about “punk” as a socially dangerous problem subsided.
The most interesting branch of the “new wave” is “post-punk”.
This phenomenon arose in 1977-1978. Musicians of “post-punk” groups picked up the basic idea of “punk”, but tried to express it in their own way. Most of the “post-punk” bands knew how to play professionally, the compositions had more than 3 chords, and the former aggression was gone...
For example, representatives of “post-punk” in Britain (Bauhaus, The Cure, Echo & The Bunnymen, Joy Division, Japan and many others) played gloomy, dull, apathetic music. In their songs they sang about depression, mysticism and the like.
In general, since the 80s, interest in punk has practically disappeared, giving way to goth, hardcore and emocore.
Punk now
By the end of the 90s, they began to talk about the revival of guitar music, about the return of the spirit of pure punk rock. It replaced the depressive grunge and decadent Britpop of the early 90s. The new generation is fed up with sadness, melancholy and hopelessness. I wanted unbridled, anarchic fun, instead of sluggish depression - energetic rebellion.
Punk rock was brought back to life by show business, which killed it at the turn of the 70s and 80s. From the old, classic punk, the first characteristic sound that migrated to the new one was energetic, fast and stupid rock and roll, cleared of wisdom and beauty. As they say, only three chords, but the right ones.
It was figured out what needed to be done with the punks so that they would not pose a threat to society: they were legalized. They called it an anti-system, which is needed to strengthen the system. Raging youth were given a legal opportunity to let off steam, and show business entrepreneurs began to make money from punk rock.
Representatives of modern punk: Green Day, the Offspring, Blink 182, Sum 41, NOFX, Rancid, etc.
Punk in Russia
Punk was one of the few musical movements that came to Soviet Union with minimal delay. In 1976, punk rock appeared in England, and already in 1977, in Leningrad, Moscow, and Siberia, young people interested in Western music purchased records of the Sex Pistols, Clash and other British punk bands from black marketeers, and caught music broadcasts on the Voice of America, the BBC with Seva Novgorodtsev, read Soviet magazines and newspapers, which did not fail to respond to the emergence of a new youth movement as “a growth on the rotting body of bourgeois culture.”
If rock music in the USSR was underground, then punk was “underground underground.” It was already a counterculture due to its prohibition and opposed the System, bringing new values, and not rebellion and protest like the English punks.
Soviet punk culture of the 1980s, initially focusing on the Western movement, organically rethought it and intertwined it with national roots. As a result, absolutely original phenomena arose, generated primarily not by imitation, but by the desire to express oneself and somehow contrast oneself with others; they represented not so much a musical movement as a social-intellectual one. In the USSR, punk was a counterculture due to its prohibition, so it opposed the System, even if there were no direct political subtext in punk songs.
Since the mid-1990s, the Russian punk scene began to focus on corresponding Western ideals, namely Green Day and other Californian pop-punk bands. (Represented by such groups as, for example, the Moscow “Cockroaches!” and the St. Petersburg “King and the Clown”).
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There are almost no ideas in Russian punk rock of the 1990s (whereas in the West, punk is primarily ideological music), and those that existed are leveled out, i.e. aligned with generally known dogmas. Most groups repeat the same stereotypes - “rip off” the same Western model.
Soviet punk bands: Gaza Strip, Civil Defense, Automatic Satisfaction, Brigade Contract, Growing Resistance, etc.
Modern Russian punk bands: Cockroaches!, King and Shut, NAIV, Purgen, Last Tanks in Paris, Az, a very unique group LUMEN, etc.
Ideology
1. Personal freedom and independence. “Be yourself, kill stereotypes!”
Punks are focused on realizing every person's right to freedom and a life free from pressure. Punks value independence, direct action, do not accept public culture, and do not recognize authorities.
“We’re tearing down the borders, we’re fighting for the right of freedom” - sing Anti-Flag.
“Fight, rebel and riot!” – says the song of the same name by NAIV.
2. Aggression. "Live fast, die young."
Most important element punk attitude is aggression. In the 70s, punks came with the slogan “I hate” as opposed to the hippie “I love”. They hated everything: consumer society, parents, any values. They called themselves flowers in the trash heap (Sex Pistols), white was called black, bad was good, dirty was preferred to clean, screams were preferred to singing, madness to reason, death to life.
“If you like white, I'll be black. If you like black, I'll be yellow. If you value everything reasonable, I will be reckless. If you value sanity, I'll be crazy. If you love peace and flowers, I'll bring knives and chains,” sing the Slits.
“We don’t like those who don’t like us!” - says Dima Spirin from Cockroaches!
3. Protest. “You can kill the protester, you can’t kill the protest”
We can say that punks are one huge protest. Protest against everything that is valued and recognized by society. Punks protest not only against the system, parents, generally accepted orders, rules and laws, but also against such things as racism, sexism, fascism, war.
“What if he's not like you? Is this a reason to start a war?” - the Cockroaches sing!
“All jehads, vendettas, crusades invented by bitches, invented by freaks..” - say LUMEN.
How can you be proud of something for which you have no merit? Did you yourself choose the skin and the color and the country to be born in?.. Last name with first name, eye shape, age and gender - what exactly did you do yourself, where did you find a reason for pride? - Dima from Cockroaches is indignant!
4. Social and political views. “Beat the system!”
It is quite difficult to judge the sociality-asociality and politicality-apoliticality of punks. They do not want to touch politics in any way, do not recognize authority, and mock political leaders. At the same time, we can say that some punks can be classified as either leftists or adherents of progressivism. Punks often take part in protests on a local, national and global scale. Punks urge people not to be afraid to fight for their rights and defend their point of view.
Many punks advocate for the protection of animal rights, support vegetarianism (here we see intertwining with the straight edge subculture), and support environmentalism.
“I love my country so much, BUT I HATE THE STATE!” LUMEN's Tam shouts.
“I want to be a deputy, make faces on TV! Go to hell, everyone, you can’t get to me!” - Brigade Contract laughs at the officials.
“They don’t see the point in something that doesn’t generate income. You should only do what people quickly eat up…” says the same Dima Spirin.
“If you are a client with money, I haven’t spent my day like this, all my pockets are inside out, I’ll clean out everyone just like that...” Yuri Klinskikh sings in the song “Ment” (by the way, Yuri himself served in the police, and he was fired from there for such impudent songs) .
5.DIY. “Do it yourself!”
The DIY principle, in my opinion, is simple and clear: do what you need yourself. Here I consider it appropriate to quote the entire song of the same name by the group Cockroaches!
“It’s just that nothing will ever happen on its own,
No water flows under a lying stone, do everything you need yourself!
Get up! Get off your *** and stop fucking for a moment!
ACT! Start living!
Do it yourself, even if no one needs it but you!”
6. Fight against routine. “Louder! Louder, even louder!”
Punks are never bored; they generally do not like boredom and routine. Fun, noise, crazy hairstyles, clothes and makeup, shocking behavior, antics in front of passers-by - in a word, chaos - that's what they love. The more fun the better!
“Laugh! I want to hear loud laughter! Smile – it annoys everyone!” – still the same Cockroaches!
“Shave your mohawk quickly again, and it will be more fun!.. Life is like yogurt, don’t be stingy, like a shadow!” – calls Ruslan from Purgen.
Punk in the minds of society
For the majority of young “punks” (“pioneers”) in Russia, punk is “shit”. The media has firmly hammered into their heads and society as a whole the stereotype of punk - “a man with a comb who should walk dirty, dig in the trash, drink vodka.” For them - “The King and the Clown”, “The Exploited”, “Civil Defense”, “Cockroaches!” - phenomena of absolutely the same order. The main “punk principles” for them are: “do what you want” and, as Viktor Tsoi sang in the song, “mom is anarchy, dad is a glass of port.” It should be noted that such phenomena of “Central Russian” punk as “ask” (begging) and “garbage dumps” (where you can find something healthy or tasty), are directly related to the socio-economic instability of teenagers.
The results of sociological surveys showed that the majority classify punks as a “schizophrenic category”, “maybe with their own beliefs, but mentally ill people”, “ill-mannered, frivolous people”, and punk itself as a “youth phase shift”. Most ordinary people in Russia do not understand the nuances of youth subcultures and for them punks are almost no different from metalheads or hippies. The attitude towards punks in society is quite negative - “aggressive, drug addicts, alcoholics.” This image of punk created by the media is actively confirmed by the punks themselves (“pioneers”), who draw their “aesthetics and ideas” from the mass media.
Thus, the popular idea of punk coincided with what is described in dictionaries as “scum.”
Finally
The theme of punks is very relevant these days, it has always been relevant, since punks have always stood out among other informals. Punk associations, in fact, are a whole system; they are a very unique social formation. It cannot be called a group, it is rather a social environment, a social circle, a conglomerate of groups or even their hierarchy. The main difference between punk and ordinary people- this is ardent resistance and non-recognition of generally known dogmas. This means that as long as there are established dogmas that define responsibilities and fetter human freedom, and generally do not suit punk, it will exist, albeit not in the form of a subculture of purely Punks, but in the form of any other social phenomenon that resists the system.
Literature
1. Gagarina A., Coeval, No. 11/2005, p.36-37
2. Craig O'Hara, "Punk Philosophy: More Than Noise"
3. Muller V.K., English-Russian dictionary
4. Spirin D. “Dumb punk rock for intellectuals”
5. Stogov I., “Sinners”
Averin Sergey
In the work, the student studied the history of the emergence of the punk subculture in the world and expressed his attitude, and also examined the music of the subcultures and their performers.
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Introduction Abstract: “Punk as a youth subculture” Completed by: Averin Sergey, 8th grade. Head: Belozerova L.G. Panino 2011
History of punk It is known from history that girls of easy virtue were called “punks”. In this meaning, the word is found in W. Shakespeare's play "Measure for Measure." In America, at the beginning of the 20th century, he was already classified as a prisoner - the “six”. Later the word entered the mainstream lexicon and today is used to mean “dirt”,
Punk rock of the 60s is commonly called "garage rock". It appeared in the USA in 1964, where a huge number of local ensembles emerged under the influence of the Beatles and Rolling Stones. What they played varied markedly depending on the region and local musical traditions, but generally it was a mixture of blues, white folk tunes with elements of homegrown skiffle music.
Foreign punk rock group Rolling Stones. Rock musicians of the 70s from Yes, Genesis, Deep Purple, Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd turned into businessmen and lived in mansions, driving around in limousines under the protection of bodyguards.
Russian punk rock groups In Russian rock music, the development of genres popular in the West continued, with the gradual division of a single movement into them. A large number of bands appeared performing punk and grunge “King and Jester”, “Lumen”, “Pilot”, “Naive”, “Cockroaches!”, “7race”, “Sky Here”. Russian punk rock bands
One of the popular groups was the King and the Jester. The group was founded in Leningrad in 1988 by classmates Mikhail Gorshenev, Alexander Balunov and Alexander Shchigolev under the name “Kontora”. In 1990, Gorshenev met Andrei Knyazev at the Leningrad School of Restorers and invited him to join the group. But when a new concept for the group and fabulous lyrics began to be developed, it became clear that a new name was needed. There were such options as “The Slaughtered Dandelion”, “Apocalypse”, but it was decided to go with “The King of the Jesters” (later it became “The King and the Jester”). The King and the Jester
Punk riot Punk riot The time has come for despair, complete rejection of the world around us and nihilism. With an abundance of material wealth, neither society nor the youth in conflict with it had sufficiently strong moral qualities to use them for the benefit of themselves and all of humanity. This also sparked the punk riot in early 1976.
The punks sang about themselves: about poverty and queues for unemployment benefits, about juvenile delinquency and the inexorable rise in cost of living, about violence on the streets and about drug addiction, chaos and anarchy, about existence instead of life, about the unwillingness to obey someone else's will and the thirst to be free. Their songs were filled with vague discontent and complete hopelessness. Punk songs
PUNK ROCK In the musical environment, there are quite a large number of hypotheses that explain the appearance of the word “punk”. They all have varying degrees of credibility. The classic version is the baptism of punk thanks to the PUNK fanzine that arose in New York at the end of 1975. Punk rock
Garage rock Garage rock Garage rock The punk rock was created in 60 th years can be named “Garage rock”. It has appeared in the USA in 1964.
POST-PUNK (POST-PUNK) As a rule, post-punk has very little resemblance to punk rock. Despite the prefix “post”, it appeared almost simultaneously with real punk. Its origins were American new wave bands (Talking Heads, Television, Blondie, Devo), British punk bands, which over time decided to create in a more lightweight genre. Post-punk
SKA SKA (SKA) Caribbean folk music, which later merged with rhythm and blues to give birth to reggae. Ska has a simpler and more danceable rhythm, rather than reggae, and it is much easier for whites to adapt this to their musical needs.
HARDCORE Hardcore American punk rock, generated primarily by the efforts of the band Black Flag. Main features: short songs, deliberate two-chords, unlimited speeds, complete disregard for major record labels. The first hardcore album was "Group Sex" by Circle Jerks (1980). In the mid-80s, hardcore bands began to often move into the metal camp, and vice versa - many metalheads began to delve deeper into the hardcore jungle. This is where the popular, but still erroneous, opinion came from that hardcore is metallic punk. It should be noted that metallic punk is called crossover (after the album "Crossover" by the D.R.I. gang in 1987). Even later, the label “hardcore” began to be applied to metal-rap bands of the class Biohazard, Pro-Pain, Dog Eat Dog, etc., but their frantic screams and waving of tattooed muscles have nothing to do with real hardcore. HARDCORE Hardcore American punk rock, generated primarily by the efforts of the band Black Flag. Main features: short songs, deliberate two-chord, unlimited speeds, complete disregard for major record labels.. Hardcore
Early 80s. This period cannot be called a crisis of the punk movement, but many began to realize the meaninglessness of self-destruction, so characteristic of representatives of this subculture. Straight Edge
Signs of straight edge People who supported this movement drew crosses on their hands. Because then, when entering the club, those who had not reached the age of majority were given a cross by the security. At the bar, the bartender looked at the hand of the person asking for a drink and if there was a cross there, he refused. And straight edgers, giving up on themselves, seemed to voluntarily give up alcohol. In music, Straight Edge is the most aggressive direction in hardcore. Signs of straight edge
The evolution of punk The evolution of punk By the end of the 90s, they began to talk about the revival of guitar music, about the return of the spirit of pure punk rock. It replaced the depressive grunge and decadent Britpop of the early 90s. Punk rock was brought back to life by show business, which killed it at the turn of the 70s and 80s. From the old, classic punk, the first characteristic sound that migrated to the new one was energetic, fast and stupid rock and roll, cleared of wisdom and beauty.”
Punk bands of the 80s Punk bands of the 80s were not very popular. The fashion for them gradually faded away. But in the 90s, punk rock was revived - this time immediately in a commercialized form. 80s punk bands
Skateboarding Throughout its development, skateboarding has been inextricably linked with various musical movements. Of course, the skater subculture is a community of individuals whose musical preferences can be completely different, however, historically, the punk-hardcore movement had a certain influence on this subculture and largely determined some of its characteristic features.
Skating style Over the next ten years, skating changes greatly. It becomes more aggressive and dynamic. Calm and measured skating on flat asphalt surfaces is replaced by the fashion for overcoming various obstacles and performing unprecedented and incredibly difficult, at that time, tricks.
Punk, punk (English punk) is a youth subculture that emerged in the mid-70s in the UK, USA, Canada and Australia, the characteristic features of which are a love of punk rock music, a critical attitude towards society and politics. The name of the famous American artist Andy Warhol and the Velvet Underground group he produced is closely associated with punk rock. Their lead singer Lou Reed is considered the founding father of alternative rock, a movement that is closely related to punk rock. Punk, punk (English punk) is a youth subculture that emerged in the mid-70s in the UK, USA, Canada and Australia, the characteristic features of which are a love of punk rock music, a critical attitude towards society and politics. The name of the famous American artist Andy Warhol and the Velvet Underground group he produced is closely associated with punk rock. Their lead singer Lou Reed is considered the founding father of alternative rock, a movement that is closely related to punk rock. The popular American band Ramones is considered the first group to play punk rock music. The Damned and Sex Pistols are recognized as the first British punk bands. The popular American band Ramones is considered the first group to play punk rock music. The Damned and Sex Pistols are recognized as the first British punk bands.
Etymology of the word punk English has multiple meanings, but before the advent of punk rock, it was most often used as an expletive. Among the meanings, depending on the context, could be simply “scum” or “scoundrel”, in all other cases as an emotional obscene expression. The word punk in English has many meanings, but before the advent of punk rock it was in most cases used as an expletive. Among the meanings, depending on the context, it could be simply “scum” or “scoundrel”, in all other cases as an emotional obscene expression. The first mention of the word "punk" in connection with rock music dates back to 1970, when the Chicago Tribune, in a review of The Fugs' album, described their music as "punk rock, redneck sentiment." The first mention of the word "punk" in connection with rock music dates back to 1970, when the Chicago Tribune, in a review of The Fugs' album, described their music as "punk rock, redneck sentiment." In 1976, the fanzine “Punk magazine” appeared. The magazine was dedicated to punk rock and related genres, clearly uniting them as a direction. In 1976, the fanzine “Punk magazine” appeared. The magazine was dedicated to punk rock and related genres, clearly uniting them as a direction.
Origins and influences “Punk originates from the mid-60s of the XX century, when, under the influence of the Beatles and Rolling Stones, many youth bands began to appear performing rock and roll” “Punk originates from the mid-60s of the XX century , when, under the influence of the Beatles and the Rolling Stones, many youth rock and roll bands began to appear." A relatively raw and rough sound, based on just a few chords, can be found in such classics of the time as "You Really Got Me" by The Kinks. By the end of the 1960s, a defiantly primitive sound, combined with a vulgar manner of behavior on stage, began to be cultivated by the American team The Stooges. Its leader, Iggy Pop, rejected musical sophistication, valued unbridled drive in rock and roll, performed at concerts smeared in his own blood and ended his outrages on stage by “diving” into the crowd of spectators. A relatively raw and raw sound based on just a few chords can be found in such classics of the time as "You Really Got Me" by The Kinks. By the end of the 1960s, a defiantly primitive sound, combined with a vulgar manner of behavior on stage, began to be cultivated by the American team The Stooges. Its leader, Iggy Pop, rejected musical sophistication, valued unbridled drive in rock and roll, performed at concerts smeared in his own blood and ended his outrages on stage by “diving” into the crowd of spectators. The link between the punk movement and the previous generation of beatniks was the “godmother of the punk movement,” Patti Smith. The link between the punk movement and the previous generation of beatniks was the “godmother of the punk movement,” Patti Smith. Russian punk, according to music columnist for the Kommersant newspaper Boris Barabanov, grew up on the songs of Pyotr Mamonov. Russian punk, according to music columnist for the Kommersant newspaper Boris Barabanov, grew up on the songs of Pyotr Mamonov.
Ideology Punks hold a variety of political views, but for the most part they are adherents of socially oriented ideologies and progressivism. Common views include the desire for personal freedom and independence (individualism), non-conformity, the principles of "not selling out", "relying on yourself" and the principle of "direct action". Other punk politics include nihilism, anarchism, socialism, anti-authoritarianism, anti-militarism, anti-capitalism, anti-racism, anti-nationalism, vegetarianism, and animal rights. Punks hold a variety of political views, but for the most part they are adherents of socially oriented ideologies and progressivism. Common views include the desire for personal freedom and independence (individualism), non-conformity, the principles of "not selling out", "relying on yourself" and the principle of "direct action". Other punk politics include nihilism, anarchism, socialism, anti-authoritarianism, anti-militarism, anti-capitalism, anti-racism, anti-nationalism, vegetarianism, and animal rights.
Appearance of punks Punks have a colorful, shocking image. Punks have a colorful, shocking image. Many punks dye their hair bright, unnatural colors, comb it and fix it with hairspray, gel or beer so that it stands up straight. Many punks dye their hair bright, unnatural colors, comb it and fix it with hairspray, gel or beer so that it stands up straight. In the 80s, the mohawk hairstyle became fashionable among punks. In the 80s, the mohawk hairstyle became fashionable among punks. They wear rolled-up jeans; some people pre-soak their jeans in a bleach solution so that they have red streaks. They wear rolled-up jeans; some people pre-soak their jeans in a bleach solution so that they have red streaks. They wear heavy boots and sneakers. The style of wearing sneakers was started by the Ramones, and they adopted this style from Mexican punks (also called “Latinos”). They wear heavy boots and sneakers. The style of wearing sneakers was started by the Ramones, and they adopted this style from Mexican punks (also called “Latinos”).
The biker jacket was adopted as a rock and roll attribute from the 50s, when the motorcycle and rock and roll were inseparable components. The first wave of punks sought to return to rock music the same deliberate cockiness and drive that the mass commercialization of music had taken away over time. The biker jacket was adopted as a rock and roll attribute from the 50s, when the motorcycle and rock and roll were inseparable components. The first wave of punks sought to return to rock music the same deliberate cockiness and drive that the mass commercialization of music had taken away over time. The predominant style in clothing is “DEAD”, that is, “dead style”. The predominant style in clothing is “DEAD”, that is, “dead style”. Punks put skulls and signs on clothes and accessories. Punks put skulls and signs on clothes and accessories. They wear wristbands and collars made of leather with spikes, rivets and chains. Many punks get tattoos. They wear wristbands and collars made of leather with spikes, rivets and chains. Many punks get tattoos. They also wear torn, frayed jeans (which they specially cut themselves). Dog leash chains are attached to jeans. They also wear torn, frayed jeans (which they specially cut themselves). Dog leash chains are attached to jeans. A clear sign of punk is a plaid shirt worn under a biker jacket. A clear sign of punk is a plaid shirt worn under a biker jacket.
Related subcultures Related subcultures Skinheads are a youth subculture of the sixties, which received a “rebirth” during punk. Skinheads are a youth subculture of the sixties that received a “rebirth” during the punk era. Fashion predecessors and contemporaries of punks. Influenced punk rock. Fashion predecessors and contemporaries of punks. Influenced punk rock. Rude boys are Jamaican youth, predecessors and contemporaries of punks and traditional skinheads. Influenced appearance and the musical preferences of both. Rude boys are Jamaican youth, predecessors and contemporaries of punks and traditional skinheads. They influenced the appearance and musical preferences of both.
