In general, you do not need to buy primroses, make them out of paper, and I will tell you how ...
Municipal state educational institution
"The main secondary school with. Voznesenka
Khorolsky municipal district of Primorsky Krai "
Research on the topic:
"Healthy sweets"
Completed by: Pleshanova Daria,
student of grade 3.
Head: A.V. Beloborodova
2018
1. Introduction
2. From the history of candies. Types of candies.
3. Composition of sweets. Research.
3.1 Useful properties of sweets
3.2. Harmful properties of sweets
3.3 Diseases triggered by the use of sweets
5. The most useful sweets.
6.Conclusion
7.Literature
Introduction.
Relevance
All children love sweets. Imagine our life without candy
very difficult. And finding a child who doesn't like candy is almost impossible.
However, doctors are sounding the alarm - sweets are dangerous to health! Moms do not get tired of repeating that a lot of sweets are harmful. Scientists do not stop repeating that sweets are the cause of the development of many diseases. So what troubles lie in wait for a sweet tooth, and what exactly is the harm of a sweet tooth? Are there any useful sweets that you can eat without fear for your health?
Theme:"Useful sweets".
Target: find out if sweets can be good for your health.
Object of study: sweets
Subject of study: sweets: harmful and useful properties.
Hypothesis: I suppose that since people love sweets so much, it cannot be harmful, but benefits the body.
Tasks:
Study the composition of sweets;
Learn about the beneficial and harmful properties of the substances that make up candy.
Find out what diseases haunt a person, in case of abuse
sweets.
4. Find out if there are healthy sweets
5 .. Conduct a survey in the class and find out how classmates feel about sweets, how often they use them, what they know about the benefits and dangers of sweets.
Research methods: analysis, comparison, generalization, research, questioning, information search.
Theoretical part
2. History of sweets
The word "candy" is translated from Latin as "prepared potion".
The first confectioners appeared in Ancient Egypt, where noble citizens were always distinguished by their love of culinary delights: since sugar was not yet known then, they cooked sweets from honey and dates.
In ancient Rome, the recipe for sweets made from nuts, poppy seeds, honey and sesame seeds
kept in the strictest confidence.
In Russia, sweets were made from maple syrup, molasses and honey.
When large quantities of sugar from colonies began to appear in Europe in the 17th century, confectionery became another art form. The French sugared fruit and developed new recipes. French chronicles tell how candy played an important role at court.In 1715 the chancellorwon the favor of the French king Louis XV, presenting him in gratitude for the speech from the throne in parliament ... a huge dish of sweets! However, what else could win the heart of the monarch, who was then only five years old?
The history of chocolate
Chocolate was invented even before Columbus discovered America. It was done
from cocoa beans. The Aztec and Maya tribes used chocolate as a basis for
drinks and sauces. Cocoa beans were ground and mixed with water to obtain
sweet and bitter drinks intended exclusively for the elite and priests. The chocolate itself was made from toasted and ground, fermented Theobroma cacao beans. It grew in the lowlands of the tropics of Central and South America, in Mexico. Currently, this tree is cultivated in all tropical countries.
The first chocolates were made in Brussels by the pharmacist John Neuhaus in 1857. While inventing a cough suppressant, he accidentally received a product that we today call chocolates. In 1912, his son introduced chocolates to the market. And the golden wrappers for these sweets were invented by his wife, after which they were snapped up.
What kind of candy can be?
The assortment of sweets has more than a hundred names:
Lollipops, bars, fruit, candy, caramel, truffles, toffee,
chocolate and others.
We found out that depending on the methods of preparation and finishing, sweets are divided into:
Non-glazed (without coating the body with glaze);
Glazed (fully or partially covered with glaze);
Chocolate with fillings of various shapes and relief patterns
on the surface ("Assorted" type);
In powdered sugar (cranberries in powdered sugar, etc.).
In appearance, sweets are released wrapped, not wrapped,
molded into foil.
According to the method of making the mass, sweets are subdivided into fondant,
dairy, fruit, jelly, liqueur, whipped, chocolate, on
caramel base.
3. Walking shopping. Research.
My next step was to visit the shops where they sell candy to choose my favorites and research their composition. (Appendix 2)
We found out that the composition of sweets can include the following food products: granulated sugar, starch syrup, honey, fats - plants and animals, dairy products, egg products, cocoa beans, nuts, fruits and berries, oil seeds - sesame, sunflower and others , gelling agents - pectin, agar, gelatin and others, aromatic and flavoring additives.
The analysis of the composition showed that most of the products are not alarming, but the candies contain dyes and preservatives, as well as modified starch, which are harmful to health.
I researched some of the sweets for E-additives. That's what I did.
E476-When tested in animals, consumption of E-476 in large quantities led to enlargement of the kidneys and liver (chocolate "Alpengold", "Nesquik", candy "Camomile")
E-322 Has a negative effect on diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys. Sweets "CHIO RIO" "Crocant"
E -162 is a dye, which is obtained from beets. It is considered safe when eaten, but contains nitrates, so it is not recommended for children.
Lollipops "Chupa-Chups"
3.1 Useful properties of sweets.
Sweets are carbohydrates, and therefore a source of energy, so necessary for
people when they move a lot. Also, carbohydrates are involved in building
blood proteins, hormones, etc.
Plus, candy is a source of joy for a child!... Sugar contributes to the production of the "happiness hormone" (serotonin)
Serotonin normalizes blood clotting; stimulates vascular smooth muscles, respiratory tract, intestines; at the same time, it enhances intestinal motility, reduces the daily amount of urine, narrows the bronchioles (branching of the bronchi). A lack of serotonin can cause intestinal obstruction.
Chocolate has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, protecting it from atherosclerosis. It contains vitamin F, which lowers blood cholesterol levels and reduces the likelihood of heart attacks and strokes.
One chocolate bar contains potassium, calcium, minerals and
there are more vitamins than one green apple.
Antioxidants (namely, polyphenols), this product protects blood vessels from the damaging effects of free radicals.
Flavonoids found in chocolate from cocoa improve blood circulation due to their ability to destroy blood clots, which are the causes of heart attacks and other diseases associated with poor circulation
Thus, it can be seen that sweet has many useful properties that have a beneficial effect on human health.
3.2 Harmful properties of sweets.
Scientists, doctors, parents do not stop saying that sweets are harmful. What substances damage the human body.
Sweets provoke an increase in glucose levels, as a result, the pancreas begins to produce more and more insulin, which leads to the development of diabetes.
There is evidence that excess sugar intake causes increased cholesterol production, leading to early atherosclerosis
A large amount of carbohydrates increases the secretion of gastric juice and heartburn occurs. There is a metabolic disorder, and as a result, allergic skin rashes - diathesis.
Some people get headaches from chocolate because the tannin in cocoa constricts blood vessels.
All sweets contain sugar - glucose, sucrose, fructose, etc. Sucrose forms lactic acid, which increases the acidic environment in the mouth. Result - the tooth enamel remains unprotected, and as a result -
the threat of caries.
Sugars have the ability to be stored in the body as fats. Sweets can disrupt metabolism. The load on the liver increases.
Sweet, increases the secretion of the sebaceous glands, hence skin problems.
So, harmful substances. which negatively affect human health, sweets have a lot.
3.3 Diseases that provoke sweets
Excessive consumption of sweets can lead to serious health problems.
With an irrepressible passion for sweets, tooth decay develops.
Resistance is acquired to leptin, the satiety hormone that causes insatiable hunger and obesity.
Insulin resistance develops, resulting in diabetes.
A large amount of glucose leads to a weakening of the entire cardiovascular system, especially the walls of blood vessels
Diseases of the kidneys, liver, cancer of the pancreas, hypertension, diseases of the cardiovascular system, gout and Alzheimer's disease are all consequences of a person's irrepressible love for sweets.
It is believed that sweets are good for the brain. However, Spanish experts argue that sugar has a detrimental effect on the human brain.
Scientists have studied a rare hereditary disease - Lafor's syndrome in experiments with mice. In this disease, epileptic seizures develop as a result of the accumulation of glycogen in brain cells, dementia and movement disorders can also occur. In order to prevent glycogen from “settling” on the cells of the brain, the human body produces 2 types of a special protein, each of which is responsible for its own specific gene. It is precisely in the case of damage to even one of these genes that Lafor's syndrome develops.
Scientists from California State University in the process of scientific research have made interesting conclusions. They conducted research in 9 colonies and 803 boarding schools for minors, where sugar and sweets were removed from the children's diet, replacing it with fruits and vegetables.
The results of the experiment exceeded all expectations: after a year, the children's assessments (on a five-point scale) increased by an average of 1 point, and 50% of all children with mental retardation were considered healthy.
Thus, it can be seen that the harm from the sweet is much more than the benefit. However, all these dire consequences can arise only as a result of the abuse of foods containing sugar.
4.Results of a sociological survey
I found out that unhealthy and even harmful substances can be included in the composition of sweets. These are thickeners, colorants, emulsifiers, flavors, unhealthy fats, etc. What is now to give up sweets altogether? No. I found out that there are sweets that practically do not harm human health, but only bring benefits. So:
Honey ... 100g of this product contains the daily requirement of iron, magnesium and manganese. Feel free to switch to honey, if, of course, you are not allergic to bee products. Honey not only has antimicrobial properties, it is also indispensable for colds, insomnia and even constipation.
Marmalade. It turns out that pectin, which is rich in marmalade, is extremely useful, as it is able to remove toxins from the body, as well as radionuclides and salts of heavy metals, marmalade helps to cleanse the body of "bad cholesterol".
Kozinaki Any nut is, first of all, a storehouse of vitamins, vegetable proteins and minerals. The nut is considered the record holder for the content of unsaturated fatty acids, as well as the group of vitamins B, C, and vitamins A and E, which are especially beneficial for the health of skin, nails and hair. It has been scientifically proven that thanks to just a few nuts a day, you can improve memory, strengthen immunity , lower cholesterol levels, increase brain activity, and normalize blood pressure and nervous system. What is the benefit of honey, which is present in the classic recipe for making this delicacy, is known to everyone from childhood, therefore traditional Georgian "gozinaki" are considered not only very tasty, but also a healthy product.
Paste
Marshmallow. Marshmallows are high in protein, iron and phosphorus
Dried fruits . They are very rich in fiber (especially dates and apricots: 1.5 g per 100 g of product), iron, magnesium. It is beneficial for blood vessels, heart and gastrointestinal tract.
Appendix 2
Melikhova Sophia
Project Manager:
Trukhina Irina Mikhailovna
Institution:
KSU OSH No. 29, Semey
During research project "Healthy sweets: the benefits and harms of sweets" a student of the 3rd grade of an elementary school set a goal to find out how sweets can be useful and harmful. What kind of sweets do classmates prefer, homemade or factory sweets. The project clarifies which sweets are more acceptable for consumption: homemade or factory-made.
In the research paper "Healthy sweets: the benefits and harms of sweets," the author describes the most popular sweets, the history of the origin of the chocolate drink and hard chocolate, their benefits, pros and cons of use, and also conducts a survey among students to find out what sweets they prefer.
In the proposed project in primary school"Healthy sweets: the benefits and harms of sweets" the author of the work offers recommendations for the preparation of several types of sweets, as well as an interview with a pastry chef who answered the most interesting questions about sweets.
Introduction
1. How does sweet food affect our appetite?
2. A variety of sweets.
3. The history of chocolate.
4. Useful and harmful properties of sweets.
5. Factory and homemade baked goods.
6. Helpful tips about sweets.
7. Questioning.
8. Working with the experimental group.
9. Interview with a pastry chef.
10. Experience. A method for making lollipops at home.
Conclusion
Used Books
Introduction
Very often they say: Children love marmalade, Chocolates, Also important signs, Cakes, puffs and cookies, Cream, homemade jam And crunchy nuts, - They are just a sweet tooth.
Probably, in the whole wide world, it is difficult to find a child who would not like sweets. Sweets, chocolates, chupa-chups, baby cockerels are ready to devour them endlessly, but many adults are alarmed by such an unbridled love for sweet foods.
How can you resist the temptation? Cakes, pastries, sweets, chocolate, after all, sweet buns and so much more delicious things. Of course, each of us knows that if you abuse sweets, you can get tooth decay. But is it only? Doctors sound the alarm - sweets are dangerous to health! So what troubles lie in wait for a sweet tooth, and what exactly is the harm of a sweet tooth? Why is sweet bad? Why can't you eat a lot of sweets? Why are sweets bad for the human body? How are sweets useful? For whom are they useful?
I decided to answer these questions myself. This is how my project came about.
Almost all people around the world love sweets, so this topic is relevant to me. And maybe my experience will entail an interest in making homemade cakes and other sweets, or maybe it will help us to be more selective about all the sweets that are offered to us in cafes and shops. Or maybe someone will become either a pastry chef, or a baker, or a taster.
Objective of the project: find out how sweets can be useful and harmful. What kind of sweets do the guys prefer, homemade or factory-made?
The relevance of research: revealing the secret of sweets is an interesting and exciting activity and, perhaps, the simplest, most affordable and inexpensive, the safest in terms of safety. This is important for those who conduct experiments at home.
Hypothesis: I assume that all sweets have both harmful and healthy properties, and they can be made at home. Perhaps homemade sweets are tastier and safer than factory-made sweets.
Work tasks:
The research work used the following working methods:
- Questionnaire
- Collecting information about sweets and introducing children to them
- Interview with a pastry chef
- Experimental part of the project. Making lollipops at home
- Lollipop tasting
The practical significance of the project lies in the creation of homemade sweets and pastries. The research results can be used in the lessons of the surrounding world, in extracurricular activities.
1. How does sweet food affect our appetite?
All children and many adults are very fond of sweets. They love him more than any other, even very tasty food. If a child has a choice between candy and fruits, vegetables, berries, soup or meat, he will always choose candy. Is always. I tried offering my little sister tangerine and candy, apple and candy, cucumber and candy, juice and candy at the same time. She chose candy every time.
The reason is that we taste the sweet taste very first. Mom's milk and formula are sweet. And this taste gives children pleasure from the very birth. The carbohydrates found in foods with a sweetish and sweet taste help us grow and develop quickly, give us a lot of strength, and help us think faster. Sweet foods also help the body produce “ hormone of happiness". From this, the mood rises and a feeling of joy appears.
If the child's body itself makes such a choice, and sweets bring us so much benefit, then why can't we eat it as much as we want. After all, they say that “ speaks the truth through the mouth of a baby».
In all books, encyclopedias and materials on the Internet, I read the same thing: you should not eat sweets before the main food, as this reduces appetite. My mom tells me the same thing and asks me to put the cookies and sweets aside until I eat the soup or porridge. It turns out that if there is sweet food after the main one, it harms our body less.
I learned that there are very few useful substances in sweets, that they cannot be eaten every day. If we eat sweets too often or in large quantities, then not only our figure, teeth and appetite deteriorate, but also our memory. Scientists have proven that a large amount of sweets makes a person dependent, irresponsible and weak.
It turns out that sweets are not only useful, but also harmful. It is useful if you need to quickly restore strength for new loads, if you eat it wisely and in moderation. And it is harmful if you only eat it constantly, if you replace it with the main food.
Ministry of Education, Science and Youth of the Republic of Crimea.
Small Academy of Sciences "Seeker"
Direction: chemistry and biology
HARM AND BENEFITS OF SWEETS.
Work completed:
Bogoslavskaya Sophia,
student of the 1st grade
MBOU "Simferopol Academic Gymnasium»
municipality
Simferopol city district
Republic of Crimea
Supervisor:
Paramonova Ludmila
Alexandrovna,
teacher primary grades
MBOU "Simferopol Academic Gymnasium"
municipality
Simferopol city district
Republic of Crimea
Simferopol - 2015.
CONTENT
Introduction …………………………………………………… ………… ……… .3
ChapterI... The history of the origin of sweets. ………………………. … ……… 4-5
ChapterII... Is it good or bad to eat candy? …………………… ... ……… 6-9
2.1. Useful properties of sweets. …………………………………… ..6-7
2.2. Harmful properties of sweets. Diseases Caused by Excessive Usesweets ……………………………………………………… .8-9
Conclusions ………………………………………………………………………… 10
List of sources used ………………………………………… 11
INTRODUCTION
On store shelves, you can find various varieties of sweets, wrapped in beautiful shiny candy wrappers or packed in colorful boxes. Children and many adults are very fond of sweets and cannot imagine how one can live without sweets. All kinds of sweets are sure to be found on any festive table. Not a single birthday, anniversary, wedding is complete without sweets, and we drink tea with sweets, and a colorful New Year's gift with sweets is one of the main attributes of the New Year.
It is very difficult to imagine our life without sweets. However, we often hear that candy is unhealthy.
My brother and I are very fond of sweets, candies, cookies, cakes, pastries. But our mother says that sweets are bad for us, that we should eat less of them. And my friend said candy is good for you. I became interested to know what sweets are, why you can't eat them as much as you want, where and how they came from, can they really be both useful and harmful to our health?
That's why theme my research work, I chose the topic "The harm and benefits of sweets."
Target my work: find out what benefits or what harm to the human body can bring the use of sweets.
The stated goal provides for the solution of suchtasks :
1. Get acquainted with the history of the origin of sweets.
2. Learn about the beneficial and harmful properties of sweets.
3. Find out what diseases a person can get from abuse of sweets.
The practical and theoretical significance of this work lies in the possibility of using its materials in further research, when carrying out class hours dedicated to a healthy lifestyle.
CHAPTER I .
Origin story sweets.
Candy - sweet confectionery made from sugar, chocolate, candied fruits and other products. There are many varieties of sweets in the world - these are fudge and candy bars, lollipops and caramels with various fillings, toffee, truffles and roasted nuts, chocolate, milk and wafer sweets and many other varieties.
The word "candy" comes from the Latin confectum - "made." The term was originally used by pharmacists in the 16th century. He used this word for candied or jammed fruits used for medicinal purposes.
Where did candy appear?
In almost every country in ancient times, people ate something that looked like candy. More than 3 thousand years ago, the ancient Egyptians accidentally mixed honey, figs and nuts - this is how the very first sweets in the world appeared. When excavatingin Egypt
found pictures and notes that contained information about what the candy looked like and how it was made.
Dates were the main ingredient in sweets in Egypt.
In the east
candy was made from almonds and figs. In some countries of the East, each tribe had its own pastry chef and secret recipes. To this day, Arab countries are famous for their unprecedented variety of sweets. It was the Arabs who first began to cook sugar to obtain new types of confectionery.
In Europe
they drank sweet syrup, but it was used to clog the unpleasant taste of drugs. Nobody thought about making sweets. But when large quantities of sugar from colonies began to appear in Europe in the 17th century, confectionery became another art form.
The first chocolates were madein Brussels
by the pharmacist John Neuhaus in 1857. While inventing a cough suppressant, he accidentally got what we call chocolates today. In 1912, his son introduced chocolates to the market. And the golden wrappers for these sweets were invented by his wife, after which they were snapped up.
This sweet delicacy has been popular throughout the ages among all segments of the population. True, for a long time it was absolutely inaccessible to ordinary people and was the privilege of the rich and noble class.
What kinds of sweets are there?
Depending on the type of candy masses from which the body is made, candies are divided into the following groups:
fondant candy;
milk candy;
praline candies;
candy with fruit filling;
jelly and jelly-fruit sweets;
roasted candies;
cream candy;
marzipan candies.
Chapter II .
Is it good or bad to eat candy?
2.1 Useful properties of sweets.
The composition of sweets includes carbohydrates - fructose, glucose, lactose, sucrose and other carbohydrates, fats or lipids, also in sweets there are few proteins, very few minerals and vitamins. Carbohydrates are a source of energy for our body, increase mental and physical performance, and lift our spirits. Children move a lot, their energy consumption is high, it must be quickly replenished, from this point of view, sweets are useful for children.
Substances contained in dark chocolate reduce blood cholesterol, improve the functioning of our heart, protect the skin from premature
aging, from the appearance of wrinkles,
Phenamine, serotanin, penetylamine and others improve a person's mood, relieve anxiety, help with stress,
- caffeine and theobromine help to increase the creative activity and performance of a person, improve memory and attention,
- the content of fluoride, calcium and antiseptic substances in dark chocolate helps to strengthen bones and teeth, suppresses the formation of dental plaque,
-flavonoids- antioxidants contained in cocoa prevent the formation of blood clots in blood vessels, malignant tumors, have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, lower blood pressure and improve blood circulation, protect against ultraviolet radiation,
-lecithin provides nutrition for the entire nervous system, is part of the nervous membranes, increases the absorption of vitamins A, D, E and K in the gastrointestinal tract.
The phosphorus in sugar is the food for the brain.
Chocolate is one of the stimulants of the "pleasure hormone" - serotonin. Therefore, sometimes, after grief, I really want to eat candy to raise my spirits. People are given sweets and cakes because they contain a "piece" of happiness and pleasure.
Chocolate is a wonderful cough suppressant.
Chocolate dilates blood vessels, prevents blood clots.
British and Italian scientists have shown that dark chocolate also raises blood antioxidants by 20%.
Dark chocolate contains an increased amount of antioxidants that prevent the development of cancerous tumors.
Dark chocolate can improve arterial blood flow and lower blood pressure.
Here are how many useful properties sweets have! But all the same, you cannot eat a lot of sweets, because it is harmful to your body. I'll cover this in the next section.
2.2. Harmful properties of sweets.
Diseases caused by excessive consumption of sweets.
From excessive consumption of sweets, tooth enamel is destroyed, the threat of caries increases, since the sucrose contained in them contributes to the formation of lactic acid. It is especially dangerous to eat sweets a few hours after eating, because in this case there is no longer any plaque on the teeth that protects the teeth. Gummies, fondants, butterscotch .... Any sticky or gooey sweets. They are real killers for our teeth, the chances of gettingcaries ... All this also applies to chocolate with a liquid filling and caramel. The bacteria that form this dental disease are to blame for everything, which for some reason like to develop in sugar syrup, into which saliva turns after a couple of sweets or a piece of cake. Therefore, it is highly advisable to clean your mouth after eating such food.
Since sweets have a high calorie content, they should not be overused. For the normal functioning of our body, 50 to 100 grams of sweets are enough, including sugar, jam and honey. Excess consumption of easily digestible carbohydrates leads to metabolic disorders, fat deposition in the body, a person's weight increases,obesity .
A large amount of carbohydrates causes metabolic disorders, and as a result, allergic skin rashes -diathesis .
In modern production, all kinds of food additives, flavors, dyes, flavor enhancers, preservatives and other chemicals are added to the composition of confectionery products, which give the finished products a pleasant smell, bright saturated color, and taste. Chewing and sucking candies are especially harmful. The amount of sugar, colorings, chemical additives and flavors contained in them exceeds the limits, which can cause diseases of the gastrointestinal tract andallergies .
The most harmful to health are sweets, which have a refreshing effect, since they contain the most dangerous type of artificial flavor - the chemical menthol.
It is undesirable for young children to feast on chocolate, as the nervous system is overexcited, and the child will be capricious, it will be difficult to calm him down, he will not be able to fall asleep for a long time.
It is undesirable for children under five years old to consume dark chocolate, and many children do not like such chocolate, because it tastes bitter. For a three-year-old child, it is better to eat milk or white chocolate, but in very small quantities.
You should not eat chocolate in large quantities even in the evening, insomnia may appear.
If a person cannot give up sweets, you need to increase physical activity, walk more, do exercises, walk, and then you will not have to fight extra pounds.
CONCLUSIONS.
Exploringmy topic, I made a lot of conclusions for myself. I realized that sweets are both useful and harmful for humans if they are eaten excessively. According to experts, for full development a child needs to consume 30–40 g of "sweet carbohydrates" per day: two or three candies, or one marshmallow, or two cookies. One day the rate can be doubled, but then the next - to live without sweets.
What sweets should you give preference to? It is better to choose chocolates from sweets, because they are more useful. Nowadays, varieties of chocolate with the addition of vitamins, calcium, and iron are being developed. It is more useful to eat dark chocolate sweets with fruit filling of cherries, dried apricots, raisins, prunes, which are rich in antioxidants, pectins, iron, potassium, magnesium. Sweets with whole nuts; walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds and other nuts, they are rich in proteins, potassium, phosphorus and zinc and other useful substances.
It is better to eat sweets throughout the day in this way: for breakfast you can do without sweets, enough sweet tea or cocoa, after lunch - dessert, but it is not required, but for an afternoon snack it's time for a candy or a piece of chocolate, and dinner - again without sweet.
And so, I realized that a lot of sweets are harmful! But you can't go without sweets. There should be a measure in everything. And if you ate 5 candies today, you don’t need to ask your mom for candies tomorrow. Eat an apple better. Eat candy, be in a good mood, but don't overeat! Bon Appetit!
LIST OF USED SOURCES.
Zinets I.I. Health and nutrition. Perm: Perm Book Publishing House, 1991.
Likum A. Everything about everything. Popular encyclopedia for children. Klyuch-S company. Philological Society "SLOVO" TKO AST - M., 1994.
Belokrylov I. .. "Sweet as medicine" // Health, October 2002.
Transcript
1 Research work Theme of work: “Sweets. Their harm and benefit "The author of the work: Trunov Anton GBOU SOSH 1" OC "p. Kinel-Cherkassy 2 Grade A Supervisor: Deputy Director for Water Resources Management, State Budgetary Educational Institution SOSH 1 "OC" p. Kinel-Cherkassy Platonova E.M.
2 Work plan 1. Introduction 3 2. Theoretical part The history of sweets 2.2 The history of chocolate What is the use of sweets? What is the harm of sweets? 7 3. Practical part 3.1 Opinion of experts Research of the composition of sweets for the content of additives Questioning classmates Cooking sweets at home Conclusions Literature Appendix 17 2
3 1. Introduction. Relevance of the research topic. Like all children and adults, I really love candy. Sweets are a truly unique product: delicious, capable of delighting only by their presence. Consuming different varieties of candy and chocolate products can be a lot of fun. However, those with a sweet tooth should remember that eating something sweet can bring not only benefits, but also harm. Many people traditionally consider candy to be harmful. Someone thinks on the contrary - useful. Many people think that you can make healthy sweets at home, many cannot. Where is the truth? We will try to understand this issue. Purpose of work: To find out what benefits the use of sweets can bring to the human body or what harm, and find out whether it is possible to make sweets at home. Objectives: 1. To get acquainted with the history of the emergence of chocolate, sweets; 2.Find out what diseases, persecute a person, with the abuse of sweets; 3. Conduct a survey in the class and find out how classmates relate to sweets, how often they use them, what they know about the benefits and dangers of sweets; 4. Make healthy chocolates at home. Hypothesis: If a person consumes sweets, then he will be able to avoid certain diseases, and if abused, it will harm his body. Homemade sweets are not only healthy, but also delicious. Research object: sweets Research methods 1. Theoretical 2. Sociological 3. Creative 3
4 2. Theoretical part 2.1 The history of sweets The word “candy” is translated from Latin as “prepared potion”. The first confectioners appeared in Ancient Egypt, where noble citizens were always distinguished by their love of culinary delights: since sugar was not yet known then, they cooked sweets from honey and dates. In ancient Rome, the recipe for candies made from nuts, poppy seeds, honey and sesame seeds was kept in the strictest confidence. In Russia, sweets were made from maple syrup, molasses and honey. When large quantities of sugar from colonies began to appear in Europe in the 17th century, confectionery became another art form. The French sugared fruit and developed new recipes. French chronicles tell how sweets played the role of state importance at court. In 1715, the chancellor won the favor of the French king Louis XV, presenting him with a huge dish of sweets in gratitude for his speech to the throne in parliament! However, what else could win the heart of the monarch, who was then only five years old ?! 4
5 2.2 The history of chocolate Chocolate was invented even before the discovery of America by Columbus. It was made from cocoa beans. The Aztec and Maya tribes used chocolate as a base for drinks and sauces. Cocoa beans were ground and mixed with water to create sweet and bitter drinks intended exclusively for the elite and priests. The chocolate itself was made from toasted and ground, fermented Theobroma cacao beans. It grew in the lowlands of the tropics of Central and South America, in Mexico. Currently, this tree is cultivated in all tropical countries. 5
6 2.3 What are the benefits of sweets? Sweets are carbohydrates, and therefore, a source of energy, so necessary for babies when they move a lot. Also, carbohydrates are involved in the construction of blood proteins, hormones, etc. Besides, candy is a source of joy for a child! Chocolate has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, protecting it from atherosclerosis. It contains vitamin F, which lowers blood cholesterol levels and reduces the likelihood of heart attacks and strokes. One chocolate bar contains more potassium, calcium, minerals and vitamins than one green apple. And dark chocolate also contains quite a lot of iron. 6
7 2.4. What is the harm of sweets? All sweets contain sugar - glucose, sucrose, fructose, etc. Sucrose forms lactic acid, which increases the acidic environment in the mouth. The result is that the tooth enamel remains unprotected, and as a result - the threat of caries. Sugars have the ability to be stored in the body as fats. Sweets can disrupt metabolism. The load on the liver increases. Excessive amounts of carbohydrates increase gastric secretion and can cause heartburn and stomach pain. Chocolate enhances the secretion of the sebaceous glands, so its daily use can cause significant skin problems and provoke allergic reactions. 7
8 3. Practical part 3.1 Opinion of specialists During the research I learned the opinions of dentists about sweets (Appendix 1). Whenever a child eats a candy, the sucrose present in it forms lactic acid, which increases the natural acidity in the mouth. If sweets are eaten right after lunch, then the plaque remaining on the enamel of the teeth after eating protects them from the destructive effects of sugars. If the child grabbed the candy two hours after dinner or before eating, the enamel turns out to be uncovered. And even teeth with the best heredity in this case are threatened with caries. eight
9 3.2 Investigation of the composition of sweets for the content of additives There are many varieties of sweets in the world - fudge and candy bars, candies and caramels with various fillings, toffee, truffles and roasted nuts, chocolate, milk and wafer sweets and many other varieties. On store shelves, you can find various varieties of sweets, wrapped in beautiful shiny candy wrappers or packed in colorful boxes. What is the mysterious letter E and the numbers next to it so often found on candy boxes? I wanted to sort out all these issues. I have tested some candies for E - additives (Appendix 2). That's what I did. Food additive Sweets, in which I found the additive E476 When tested in animals, chocolate "Alpengold", "Nesquik" enlargement of kidneys and liver E-322 Has a negative effect on the diseases of the gastrointestinal "Condensed milk" tract, liver and kidneys. E 162 is a dye that Chupa-Chups lollipops are obtained from beets. It is considered safe when eaten, but contains nitrates, so it is not recommended for children. E to date Iris "Fruit Toffee Roshen" supplements are being researched 9
10 to make sure it really helps slow cancer growth and prevent HIV disease and the development of the herpes simplex virus E, the supplement leads to a significant increase in the calorie content of the product. Also, doctors recommend refusing to use such products for people with liver disease and disruption of the biliary tract. If the daily dosage is exceeded, growth retardation and enlargement of the liver are possible, and can also contribute to the accumulation of fat in the body. E, it is very harmful to the pancreas. Modified starch slows down food processing, causing bloating, indigestion, nausea and pain. In some cases, it causes a stomach stop and serious intoxication of the body. E is capable of destroying our body at the cellular level, Iris "Fruit Toffee Roshen" Sweets "Crocant", "Condensed milk" Sweets "Mad Bee Frutti" Gummy sweets "M & M" 10
11 gradually weakening the immune system and causing many chronic diseases E causes allergies, There have been cases when people received anaphylactic shock, and then fell into a prolonged coma. M & M chewing candies 11
12 3.3 Survey of classmates I conducted a survey of classmates to find out how they relate to sweets, how often they consume sweets, do they know about the benefits and dangers of the product and did they prepare sweets at home? The survey took 26 people. And here are the results. How do you feel about sweets? I love people very much. 2 persons indifferent I do not like 0 How often do you use sweets? people do not eat 10 9 pers. daily people once a week 12
13 Do you know about the benefits and dangers of sweets? 15 people yes 11 people I would like to know 5 0 Can you make sweets at home? people 10 people yes no i don't know 13
14 3.4. Making sweets at home We need: Dried apricots 200 grams, almonds 100 grams, walnuts 100 grams, honey 1/3 cup, sugar 3 tablespoons, chocolate 1 bar. Production: 1. Dried apricots were steamed in advance and then dried with a napkin. 2. Chopped nuts and finely chopped dried apricots. 3. Mix dried apricots with nuts until smooth. 4. Making the syrup. To do this, we dissolved honey and sugar and boiled the mixture a little until it began to thicken! Then remove from heat and let cool! 5. Mix the resulting syrup and chopped nuts with dried apricots. 7. From our mass we form candies. Let the sweets cool. 8. Melt the chocolate. 9. Pour the frozen candies with chocolate. Beautiful! 10. Optionally, you can decorate the sweets with sprinkles, white chocolate or coconut flakes. Homemade sweets are ready! It turned out very tasty and very healthy. fourteen
15 4. Conclusions: As a result of the work done, I learned the history of the emergence of sweets and chocolate. From a conversation with a dentist, I learned what consequences the abuse of sweets can entail for the human body. Based on the results of the survey and the experiment, I fully confirmed my hypothesis that if a person consumes sweets, he will be able to avoid certain diseases, and if abused, it will harm his body. In practice, I have proven that homemade candies are not only healthy, but also delicious. 15
16 5. Literature 1. Great medical encyclopedia. M .: Eksmo, Doctor advises. Nutritional therapy for various diseases. Irkutsk, Children's Encyclopedia. M .: Enlightenment, World Wide Web 16
17 6. Appendix Appendix 1 17
18 18 Appendix 2
19 19 Appendix 3
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